How to deploy MySQL8.0.20 on multiple machines

0. Environment requirements

1. Prepare the Linux environment (system: CentOS7)
2. Prepare the MySQL installation package (version: 8.0.20)
3. The installation method is: msyql decompression Installation

1. Installation steps

1. Download and decompress the installed mysql installation package file

2. Upload and decompress (I uploaded it here as: xhell, of course it can also Use other methods)

## 创建mysql目录
mkdir -p /usr/app/mysql
## 移动到目录下
cd /usr/app/mysql
## 使用xhell上传文件到服务器
## 解压后重命名
tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.20-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-8.0.20-el7-x86_64 mysql-8.0

3. Create a data file storage path in the mysql directory and assign it

## 创建各实例数据存放目录
mkdir -p /usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/{3306,3307,3308}/data
## 创建各个mysql对应error日志
mkdir -p /usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/{3306,3307,3308}/log
touch /usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3306/log/error.log
touch /usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3307/log/error.log
touch /usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3308/log/error.log
## 创建mysql用户组及用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
## 目录归属赋权
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/app/mysql

4. Configure the my.cnf file

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0
lower_case_table_names=1

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/bin/mysqladmin
log=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/mysqld_multi.log

# 3306 数据库实例
[mysqld3306]
port=3306
server_id=1
mysqld=mysqld
mysqladmin=mysqladmin
datadir=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3306/data
socket=/tmp/mysql_3306.sock
log-error=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3306/log/error.log
pid-file=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3306/mysql3306.pid

## skip-grant-tables #用于跳过密码登录
character_set_server=utf8mb4
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
lower_case_table_names=1
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true


# 3307 数据库实例
[mysqld3307]
port=3307
server_id=2
mysqld=mysqld
mysqladmin=mysqladmin
datadir=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3307/data
socket=/tmp/mysql_3307.sock
log-error=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3307/log/error.log
pid-file=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3307/mysql3307.pid
# lc_messages_dir=/usr/local/mysql/share/english

## 默认最大连接数设置
# max_connections=300
character_set_server=utf8mb4
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
lower_case_table_names=1
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

# 3308 数据库实例
[mysqld3308]
port=3308
server_id=3
mysqld=mysqld
mysqladmin=mysqladmin
datadir=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3308/data
socket=/tmp/mysql_3308.sock
log-error=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3308/log/error.log
pid-file=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3308/mysql3308.pid
# lc_messages_dir=/usr/local/mysql/share/english

character_set_server=utf8mb4
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
lower_case_table_names=1
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

5. Initialize each Instance database

/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --datadir=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3306/data/ --initialize
/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --datadir=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3307/data/ --initialize
/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --datadir=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3308/data/ --initialize

Remember the temporary password, which will be used when logging in later, for example:

2022-04-04T15:12:39.011998Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: sJH):ayhH5cW
2022-04-04T15:14:24.214337Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@ localhost: a8093152e673feb7aba1828c43532094y)qhyh/4E7
2022-04-04T15:15:32.283026Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: s7qrjzwqI

6. Set the msyql environment variable

After adding the environment variable, the operating system can find the location of mysql, mysqld_multi and other commands by itself

## 在/etc/profile 文件末尾添加
export PATH=/usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/bin:$PATH

## 使环境变量生效
source /etc/profile

7. Start and view mysql service (configuration file needs to be specified)

## 启动mysql
mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf start 3306
mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf start 3307
mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf start 3308

## 查看mysql服务
mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf report

Failed to start, check the mysqld_multi.log log or the error log in each instance directory

cat /usr/app/mysql/mysql -8.0/mysqld_multi.log
cat /usr/app/mysql/mysql-8.0/3306/log/error.log

8. Set the remote access password

## 服务器登录 （注意：另外两个实例同样如此。）
mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql_3306.sock
## 输入上面初始化数据库时的临时密码

## 设置本地访问密码，例如：Mysql@123，注意密码为高安保等级（例如大小写和特殊字符的组合），不然无法使用其他操作
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Mysql@123';
## 进入mysql数据
use mysql;
## 更新root信息
update user set host='%' where user='root';
## 刷新
flush privileges;
# 授权root用户可以远程登陆
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';
## 远程连接设置
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Mysql@123';
## 刷新
flush privileges;

9. Open the access port in the firewall (get to close the firewall)

## 开放防火墙端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3307/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3308/tcp --permanent

## 查看开放端口
firewall-cmd --list-port

## 配置生效
firewall-cmd --reload

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