chunk request golang

In modern web applications, it is very common to use Ajax technology to send HTTP requests to the server. However, when we need to transfer a large amount of data, sending all the data at once is not a good option. At this time, chunk requests can help us send data to the server in chunks to reduce network bandwidth usage. In this article, I will explain the process of using Golang to implement chunk requests.

What is a chunk request?

During the HTTP request process, under normal circumstances, the client sends all the request data to the server at once, and then the server processes it and returns the response result. However, when a large amount of data needs to be transmitted, this method will cause the network speed to be slow, or the resource conditions of the server cannot be met.

Therefore, a chunk request (also called a streaming request) is to divide a large piece of data into several smaller chunks and send them to the server multiple times. When the server receives a block, it immediately starts processing the block instead of waiting for all data to be sent before processing. In this way, chunk requests can simultaneously improve the efficiency of data transmission and the utilization of server resources.

Using Golang to implement chunk requests

Using Golang to implement chunk requests is very simple. It is mainly divided into two steps:

1. Divide the request into multiple chunks

We can divide the request data into multiple chunks according to the size we define, and then use io.Copy( ) function writes the chunk to http.Request. The following is a sample code that divides the request data into multiple chunks according to the size of 1kb:

package main

import (
    "bytes"
    "io"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    // 定义一段请求数据
    payload := []byte("这是一段非常长的请求数据，我们需要将它分成多个chunk发送到服务器端。")

    // 定义chunk大小
    chunkSize := 1024

    // 将payload分成多个chunk，每个chunk的大小为1kb
    reader := bytes.NewReader(payload)
    buf := make([]byte, chunkSize)
    for {
        n, err := reader.Read(buf)
        if err == io.EOF {
            break
        }
        // 将每个chunk写入到http.request的body中
        req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "http://localhost:8080", bytes.NewReader(buf[:n]))
        _, _ = http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
    }
}

2. Merge all chunks on the server side

On the server side, we need to receive The multiple chunks received are merged. When the last chunk is read, the complete request data is available. Here is a sample code that reassembles separated chunks into complete request data:

package main

import (
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        // 读取请求数据
        bytes, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body)
        // 处理请求数据
        _ = processData(bytes)
    })
    _ = http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

func processData(data []byte) error {
    // 处理请求数据
    _ = doSomething(data)
    // 返回结果
    return nil
}

Conclusion

Chunk requests are a very efficient way to significantly Improve the efficiency of data transmission and reduce the occupation of server resources. It is very simple to implement chunk requests using Golang. You only need to divide the request into multiple small chunks and then write these small chunks to http.Request. At the same time, on the server side, we need to merge all chunks into complete request data.

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