golang integer division

Golang is an efficient, modern programming language with excellent concurrency features and built-in data types, including integer types. Integer is a basic data type that represents an integer without decimal places.

In Golang, integer division is a common operation, but during use, you sometimes encounter some strange results. This article will focus on the operation rules and common problems of integer division in Golang, and provide some solutions.

1. Golang integer types

The integer types in Golang include int, int8, int16, int32, int64 and the corresponding unsigned integer types uint, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64. Among them, int and uint occupy 4 bytes (32 bits) in 32-bit operating systems and 8 bytes (64 bits) in 64-bit operating systems. When you need to know the size of an integer clearly, it is recommended to use int32, int64, uint32, uint64 and other types.

2. Integer division operation rules

In Golang, the integer division operation symbol is "/", and its operation rules are as follows:

1. If two If the operands are all integers, the result of the division operation is the integer quotient, and the decimal part is omitted.

For example:

a := 5
b := 2
c := a / b

The value of c at this time is 2, because 5/2 is equal to 2.5, and the decimal part is omitted.

2. If both operands are of floating point type, the result of the division operation is the floating point quotient, retaining the decimal part.

For example:

a := 5.0
b := 2.0
c := a / b

The value of c at this time is 2.5, because 5.0/2.0 is equal to 2.5, and the decimal part is retained.

3. When one operand is an integer and the other is a floating point number, Golang will convert the integer into a floating point number for operation and retain the decimal part in the final result.

For example:

a := 5
b := 2.0
c := a / b

The value of c at this time is 2.5, because 5 will be converted to 5.0, and then divided by 2.0 to get 2.5.

3. Frequently asked questions about integer division in Golang

1. Integer division of floating point numbers will result in incorrect results

Since integer division omits the decimal part, Therefore, when performing integer division and floating-point operation, incorrect results will be obtained. For example:

a := 5
b := 2.0
c := a / b

In the above code, the value of c is 2, which is different from the 2.5 we expected. The way to solve this problem is to convert the integer type to a floating point number and then perform the operation:

a := 5
b := 2.0
c := float64(a) / b

2. Dividing the integer type by 0 will cause a runtime error

In Golang, dividing the integer type by 0 will cause a runtime error (runtime error), for example:

a := 5
b := 0
c := a / b

The above code will throw a "runtime error: integer divide by zero" error.

In order to avoid this situation, you can determine whether the divisor is 0 before performing the division operation:

a := 5
b := 0
if b == 0 {
    // 处理除数为0的情况
} else {
    c := a / b
}

Or use a floating point number type, because dividing the floating point number type by 0 will not cause a runtime error , so the code can run correctly.

3. Integer division will round to 0

Integer division in Golang will round to 0, which means that it only retains the integer part and discards the decimal part without performing Round or round up.

For example:

a := 5
b := 3
c := a / b

In the above code, the value of c is 1, not 2, because integer division will round to 0.

4. Summary

Integer division is a common operation, and it also has its unique characteristics in Golang. We need to pay attention to the operation rules and common problems that may arise in integer division, and take corresponding solutions.

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