mysql table garbled code

When using the MySQL database, sometimes the table may be garbled, which may cause queries, inserts and other operations to fail. This article will introduce the reasons why MySQL tables are garbled and how to solve them.

1. Reason

1. Inconsistent encoding

When your MySQL database and client do not use the same encoding, garbled characters will appear. For example, when your client uses UTF-8 encoding and the MySQL database uses GBK encoding, garbled characters will appear.

2. Character set mismatch

When certain character sets in the MySQL database do not match the character set you are currently using, garbled characters will also occur.

3. Insert non-UTF-8 encoded data

If you insert a GBK encoded string into a UTF-8 encoded table, garbled characters will be generated. .

2. Solution

1. Modify the encoding of the MySQL database

If the encoding used by the MySQL database and the client is inconsistent, then we can modify the MySQL database encoding. In MySQL, you can use the following command to modify the encoding of the database:

ALTER DATABASE [database_name] DEFAULT CHARACTER SET [charset_name];

where database_name is the name of your database, and charset_name is the encoding name you want to set. For example, if you want to change the database to UTF-8 encoding, you can use the following command:

ALTER DATABASE mydatabase DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;

2. Modify the encoding of the table

If the above method does not solve the problem, Then it may be caused by a mismatch in the encoding of the table. We can use the following command to modify the encoding of the table:

ALTER TABLE [table_name] CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET [charset_name];

Among them, table_name is the name of the table you want to modify, and charset_name is the encoding name you want to set. For example, if you want to change the table mytable in the database to UTF-8 encoding, you can use the following command:

ALTER TABLE mytable CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8;

3. Modify character set

If some character sets in the MySQL database do not match the character set you are currently using, then we can use the following command to modify the character set:

SET NAMES [charset_name];

For example, if you are using UTF-8 characters Set, then you can use the following command:

SET NAMES utf8;

4. Convert encoding when inserting data

If you need to insert non-UTF-8 encoding into a UTF-8 encoded table data, then you can use the following command to convert the encoding:

CONVERT([string] USING [charset_name]);

Among them, string is the string you want to insert, charset_name is the encoding name you want to convert . For example, if you want to insert a GBK encoded string into a UTF-8 encoded table, you can use the following command:

INSERT INTO mytable (mycolumn) VALUES (CONVERT('你好', USING gbk));

5. Use data cleaning tools

If you already have garbled data in your table, you can use the data cleaning tool to process it. For example, you can use the iconv command to convert GBK-encoded data to UTF-8 encoding:

$ iconv -f GBK -t UTF-8 < input.txt > output.txt

The input file is input.txt and the output file is output.txt.

Summary

The reason why the MySQL table is garbled may be inconsistent encoding, character set mismatch, inserting non-UTF-8 encoded data, etc. For different reasons, we can adopt different solutions, such as modifying the encoding of the MySQL database, modifying the encoding of the table, modifying the character set, converting the encoding when inserting data, or using data cleaning tools. When using the MySQL database, we should avoid garbled characters as much as possible to ensure the normal operation of the database.

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