How to use TCP to implement conversation between client and server in python

TCP Client

A sample code for a client that uses the TCP protocol to implement continuous conversations:

import socket
# 客户端配置
HOST = 'localhost'
PORT = 12345
# 创建TCP套接字并连接服务器
client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
client_socket.connect((HOST, PORT))
while True:
    # 获取用户输入
    message = input("请输入要发送的消息：")
    # 发送消息到服务器
    client_socket.sendall(message.encode("utf-8"))
    # 接收服务器传回的消息
    data = client_socket.recv(1024)
    print(f"收到来自服务器的消息：{data.decode('utf-8')}")
# 关闭套接字
client_socket.close()

In this example, we first create a TCP socket and use connect()The function connects to the specified server address and port. We then continuously send messages to the server with user input and wait for the server to respond and display its results. Note that since TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, we can guarantee the reliability and orderliness of messages over the connection.

Finally, we close the socket through the close() function.

It should be noted that when we use the TCP protocol, we need to ensure that the server also uses the TCP protocol for corresponding communication.

TCP server

The following is a server example code that uses the TCP protocol to achieve continuous dialogue:

import socket
# 服务器配置
HOST = 'localhost'
PORT = 12345
# 创建TCP套接字并绑定到地址和端口
server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server_socket.bind((HOST, PORT))
# 监听连接
server_socket.listen()
# 接受连接并与客户端建立通信
client_socket, client_address = server_socket.accept()
print(f"与客户端 {client_address} 建立连接。")
while True:
    # 接收客户端传来的消息
    data = client_socket.recv(1024)
    print(f"来自{client_address}的消息：{data.decode('utf-8')}")
    if not data: # 如果客户端关闭了连接，则退出循环 
        break
    # 获取用户输入
    message = input("请输入要发送的消息：")
    # 发送消息到客户端
    client_socket.sendall(message.encode("uft-8"))
# 关闭套接字
client_socket.close()
server_socket.close()

In this example, we first create a TCP socket interface and bind it to the specified address and port. Then, we start listening for client connection requests through the listen() function.

When a client connects, we call the accept() function to accept the connection and return the client socket and address. We then continue to receive and send data through a loop, thus enabling a continuous conversation.

Please note that since TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, we can guarantee the reliability and order of messages through this connection. Finally, we close the socket through the close() function.

It should be noted that in actual development, we may need to create a new thread or process for each connection in order to be able to handle multiple client connections at the same time.

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