Binary and hexadecimal data processing tips for Golang functions

First of all, in order to better understand the Golang function's processing skills of binary and hexadecimal data, we need to clarify the basic knowledge of binary and hexadecimal.

Binary system, also called base 2 system, is the most commonly used number representation method within computer systems. In binary, there are only two possible values ​​for each bit, 0 and 1. For example, 1011 is a binary number. In computers, all information can be converted into binary representations, such as programs, data, and images.

The hexadecimal system is a base 16 system. It is used to simplify the representation of binary in computers, because it is more cumbersome to represent longer numbers in binary. In hexadecimal, since there are 16 types of characters available, the 16 characters 0~9, A~F can be used to represent numbers. For example, 1A3 is a hexadecimal number.

In Golang, binary and hexadecimal data processing techniques mainly include the following aspects:

1. Conversion of binary strings and decimal numbers

In programs, there is often a need to convert a binary string into a decimal number, or convert a decimal number into a binary string. At this time, you can use Golang's built-in strconv package to achieve this.

First of all, if we want to convert a binary number represented by a string into a decimal number, we can use the ParseInt() function in the strconv package. The example is as follows:

binStr := "101101"
dec, err := strconv.ParseInt(binStr, 2, 64)
if err != nil {
    // 错误处理
}
fmt.Println(dec) // 输出45

Among them, the first The parameter is the binary string to be parsed, the second parameter is the base number, here is 2, and the last parameter is the number of digits of the converted int64 type.

Similarly, if we want to convert a decimal number into a binary string, we can use the FormatInt() function in the strconv package. The example is as follows:

dec := 45
binStr := strconv.FormatInt(int64(dec), 2)
fmt.Println(binStr) // 输出"101101"

Among them, the first parameter is to be Formatted decimal number, the second parameter is the base number, here is 2.

2. Conversion of binary numbers and hexadecimal numbers

To convert binary numbers and hexadecimal numbers into each other, you can also use the function in the strconv package, just need Just change the base number parameter to the corresponding base number.

For example, if we want to convert a hexadecimal number into a binary string, we can use the FormatInt() function in the strconv package. The example is as follows:

hexStr := "1A3"
dec, err := strconv.ParseInt(hexStr, 16, 64)
if err != nil {
    // 错误处理
}
binStr := strconv.FormatInt(dec, 2)
fmt.Println(binStr) // 输出"110100011"

Among them, the first The parameter is the hexadecimal string to be parsed, and the second parameter is the base number, here it is 16. Similarly, if we want to convert a binary string into a hexadecimal string, we only need to change the corresponding base number parameters to 2 and 16.

3. Bit operations

In processing binary data, bit operations are often an essential part. Golang also provides a large number of operators and functions for bit operations.

For example, if we want to set the nth bit of a binary number to 1, we can use the left shift operator "

num := 0b01011 // 这里的0b表示二进制数

n := 2 // 设置第3位为1
num |= 1 << n
fmt.Printf("%b", num) // 输出"1011"

Among them, "|=" represents the abbreviation of the bitwise OR operator. Its function is to perform a bitwise OR operation on the numbers on the left and right and then assign the value to the variable on the left.

Summary

The above are several common Golang techniques for processing binary and hexadecimal data. They can help us be more comfortable when processing binary data. Of course, these are just entry-level techniques. If you want to learn more about how to play binary numbers, it is recommended to read more relevant materials and practice them.

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