How to mount settings through nfs network file system in linux

Introduction to nfs

nfs is the abbreviation of network file system, that is, network file system. Network file system is one of the file systems supported by freebsd, also known as nfs. nfs allows a system to share directories and files with others on the network. By using NFS, users and programs can access files on remote systems as if they were local files.

The most obvious benefits of nfs: 　

1. The local workstation uses less disk space because the usual data can be stored on one machine and can be accessed through the network Visited.
2. Users do not need to have a home directory in every machine on the network. The home directory can be placed on an nfs server and available everywhere on the network.
3. Storage devices such as floppy drives, cdroms, and zip (referring to a high-storage-density disk drive and disk) can be used by other machines on the network. This can reduce the number of removable media devices on the entire network.

linux server 192.168.190.199 server
linux server 192.168.190.208 client

192.168.190.199 (server) configuration operation

1. Install service

Check whether nfs and portmap services are installed

If nfs is not installed, use yum search for portmap to install the corresponding package

2. Configure /etc/exports

Configure in the /etc/exports file

The configuration parameters are as follows

[Shared directory] [Host name 1 or ip1 (Parameter 1, Parameter 2)] [Host Name 2 or ip2 (parameter 3, parameter 4)]

The following are some common parameters shared by nfs:

ro 只读访问
rw 读写访问
sync 所有数据在请求时写入共享
async nfs在写入数据前可以相应请求
secure nfs通过1024以下的安全tcp/ip端口发送
insecure nfs通过1024以上的端口发送
wdelay 如果多个用户要写入nfs目录，则归组写入（默认）
no_wdelay 如果多个用户要写入nfs目录，则立即写入，当使用async时，无需此设置。
hide 在nfs共享目录中不共享其子目录
no_hide 共享nfs目录的子目录
subtree_check 如果共享/usr/bin之类的子目录时，强制nfs检查父目录的权限（默认）
no_subtree_check 和上面相对，不检查父目录权限
all_squash 共享文件的uid和gid映射匿名用户anonymous，适合公用目录。
no_all_squash 保留共享文件的uid和gid（默认）
root_squash root用户的所有请求映射成如anonymous用户一样的权限（默认）
no_root_squas root用户具有根目录的完全管理访问权限
anonuid=xxx 指定nfs服务器/etc/passwd文件中匿名用户的uid
anongid=xxx 指定nfs服务器/etc/passwd文件中匿名用户的gid

Such as:

/home/share208 192.168.190.208(rw,sync) *(ro) 配置说明： 对192.168.102.15赋予读写权限，其他机器仅有只读权限。

3. nfs service

Start nfs service

/etc/init.d/portmap start
/etc/init.d/nfs start

Stop nfs service

/etc/init.d/nfs stop
/etc/init.d/portmap stop

Restart nfs service

/etc/init.d/nfs restart
/etc/init.d/portmap restart

Check the status of portmap and nfs services

/etc/init.d/portmap status
/etc/init.d/nfs status

Set to automatically start the nfs service

For actual Linux systems, it is unrealistic to manually start the nfs service after each boot. The system should be set to run at a specified time. Level (usually 3 and 5) automatically starts the portmap and nfs services.

chkconfig –level 35 portmap on
chkconfig –level 35 nfs on

Execute the "ntsysv" command to start the service configuration program, find the "nfs" and "portmap" services, add "*" in front of them, and then select "OK".

4.192.168.190.208 (customer service) Configure the client

Create a folder in the specified directory to mount the server folder

mkdir –p /home/share208
mount 192.168.190.199:/home/share208 /home/share208 (挂载)

5. Test mounting

192.168.190.208 /home/share208 创建目录 test
192.168.190.199 /home/share208 查看已经有test 目录

Test successful.

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