Crypto library in PHP8.0: OpenSSL

With the continuous development of Internet technology, network security issues have attracted more and more attention. In modern network applications, data encryption and decryption and protecting the security of data transmission have become crucial issues. As a server-side programming language widely used in Web applications, PHP provides us with a solution for secure data transmission - the OpenSSL encryption library.

OpenSSL is an open source software library that supports several protocols and algorithms. The library provides a series of functions, supports encryption protocols such as SSL and TLS, and provides multiple encryption algorithms such as RSA and DSA. Among them, the RSA encryption algorithm is currently the most commonly used asymmetric encryption algorithm.

In PHP8.0, the OpenSSL encryption library is directly integrated into the language core, which means that any PHP developer can use the encryption library for data encryption and decryption without installing any additional software. or extension.

So, what issues do you need to pay attention to when using the OpenSSL encryption library in PHP?

First, we need to understand the two main concepts of the OpenSSL encryption library: keys and certificates. During data transmission, keys are used to encrypt and decrypt data, while certificates are used to verify identity and secure communications.

When we use the OpenSSL encryption library for data transmission, we usually need to use the following process:

1. Generate a pair of public and private keys.
2. Use the public key to encrypt data.
3. Use the private key to decrypt the data.
4. The receiver needs to verify the identity of the sender, which can be achieved by checking the certificate.

Through the OpenSSL function provided in PHP8.0, we can perform such operations very conveniently.

First, we need to generate a pair of public and private keys:

$privateKey = openssl_pkey_new();  // 生成私钥
openssl_pkey_export($privateKey, $privateKeyStr);  // 将私钥转换为字符串

$publicKey = openssl_pkey_get_details($privateKey)['key'];  // 生成公钥

Next, we can use the public key to encrypt the data:

$data = "Hello, World!";  // 待加密数据

openssl_public_encrypt($data, $encryptedData, $publicKey);

Then, we can use the private key Key to decrypt data:

openssl_private_decrypt($encryptedData, $decryptedData, $privateKey);
echo $decryptedData;  // 输出 "Hello, World!"

Finally, we need to verify the certificate to ensure communication security:

$cert = file_get_contents("https://example.com/cert.crt");  // 包含证书的文件
openssl_x509_checkpurpose($cert, X509_PURPOSE_SSL_SERVER, ["https://example.com"]);  // 可以验证SSL证书

Of course, in actual applications, we usually need more complex operations to ensure communication security, For example, digital signatures, certificate chains, etc. But the OpenSSL encryption library provides us with a very convenient tool to help us ensure the secure transmission of data.

In general, the OpenSSL encryption library is a powerful and flexible encryption solution provided by PHP, which can help us ensure the security of data during transmission. When using it, we need to use it flexibly according to the specific situation, combine our own application scenarios and security requirements, and choose the most suitable encryption algorithm and corresponding configuration parameters to ensure the security and reliability of the data.

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