How to set the number of Nginx server processes and how to utilize multi-core CPU

nginx configuration file nginx.conf

First you need to find the nginx configuration file nginx.conf to perform the following operations. Under the default configuration of the lnmp one-click installation package, nginx.conf Stored in

/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

As for installing nginx in other environments, you can use

find / -name nginx.conf

to find the storage path of the configuration file.

nginx worker_processes process number setting

nginx configuration document nginx.conf can set worker_processes to change the number of nginx processes, according to this Q&A number of nginx worker processes It is shown that it is recommended that the number of nginx worker_processes processes be set to 1 because:

But our purpose is to allocate different worker_processes processes to run on cpu on different cores, so based on my current vps provider linode 512 configuration as an example, the server hen has 8 logical cpu, but as a user I only get 4 logical cpu, so here I set it to run 3 worker_processes processes, the reason is that by default, other programs will be in the first Running on 1 logical CPU (cpu0), in order not to affect other programs, I will allocate these 3 processes to run on 3 other logical CPUs (cpu1, cpu2, cpu3):

worker_processes 3;

Generally It is said that if you have several logical CPUs, it is appropriate to set several worker_processes. However, it does not make much sense if there are more than 8 worker_processes. The reason has been mentioned in the above paragraph in English.

You can use this command to view the current CPU situation:

cat /proc/cpuinfo

or directly display the number of logical CPUs:

cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep "processor"|wc -l

nginx worker_cpu_affinity setting

According to the information on nginx wiki:

worker_cpu_affinity is not enabled by default. From the example we can see that 0001 0010 0100 1000 respectively represent the 1st , 2, 3, and 4 logical CPUs, so we can set 0010 0100 1000 to bind 3 processes to the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th logical CPUs respectively:

worker_processes 3;
worker_cpu_affinity 0010 0100 1000;

At the same time, according to the example We can also see that worker_cpu_affinity can bind the same process to two logical cpu:

worker_processes 2;
worker_cpu_affinity 0101 1010;

0101 is the 1st and 3rd logical cpu, 1010 is the 2nd and 4th on a logical cpu.
nginx process is assigned to the enablement and testing of multi-core cpu settings

Save the nginx.conf file and reload the nginx configuration file:

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

Install apache on another computer Run ab under the host to test:
ab -n 20000 -k http://www.1990y.com/p.php
You can test a php page that requires mysql query, or you can test a static image Or page.

On the tested server, you can use top to view the current server situation, and then press 1 to display the usage of each logical CPU.

Enable cpu multi-core utilization

Rule settings
(1) How many cores the cpu has, there are several digits, 1 means the core is enabled, 0 means Kernel shutdown
(2) A maximum of 8 worker_processes can be opened. If more than 8 workers are used, the performance will not be improved, and the stability will be lower. Therefore, 8 processes are enough

Demonstration example
Two core cpu, start two processes

  worker_processes 2; 
  worker_cpu_affinity 01 10;

01 means the first cpu core is enabled, 10 means the second cpu core is enabled
worker_cpu_affinity 01 10; means Two processes are opened, the first process corresponds to the first cpu core, and the second process corresponds to the second cpu core

Two core cpu, eight processes are opened

  worker_processes 8; 
  worker_cpu_affinity 01 10 01 10 01 10 01 10;

8 processes are opened, which respectively correspond to opening 2 cores

8-core cpu, opening 8 processes

  worker_processes 8; 
  worker_cpu_affinity 10000000 01000000 00100000 00010000 00001000 00000100 00000010 00000001;

00000001 means opening the first cpu core, 00000010 means opening the second one cpu core, and so on

8-core cpu, open 2 processes

  worker_processes 2; 
  worker_cpu_affinity 10101010 01010101;

10101010 means starting the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th cores, 01010101 means starting 1,3,5, 7 cores
2 processes correspond to 8 cores

Restart nginx
After the configuration is completed, you need to restart the nginx service

  /etc/init.d/nginx restart

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