How to subcontract in golang

Golang is a very popular programming language that is ideal for building high-performance, high-availability back-end applications. In Golang, package is an important concept. It can be said that every code file in Golang must belong to a certain package, and only one of each package can exist in the entire project.

So, how to subcontract Golang reasonably? This is a basic skill that people who learn Golang need to master. In this article, we will introduce you to the common methods and techniques of Golang subcontracting.

1. Function-centered subcontracting

In Golang, the most common subcontracting method is to divide code files into different packages based on functions. For example, for a web application, we can put the code that handles HTTP requests in a package called "http", the code that handles business logic in a package called "logic", and the code that handles database connections. The code is placed in a package called "db". This makes it easier for developers to locate code based on functionality and reduces code redundancy.

2. Entity-centered subcontracting

In addition to function-centered subcontracting, another common subcontracting method is to divide code files into different package. For example, in an e-commerce website project, we can put product-related code in a package named "product", order-related code in a package named "order", and user-related code Put it in a package named "user". In this way, the business logic of the entity can be encapsulated into an independent package to facilitate management and maintenance.

3. Avoid circular dependencies

In Golang, circular dependencies are a very easy mistake to make. Circular dependency refers to the mutual dependence between two or more packages, that is, a function or variable of one package depends on a function or variable of another package, and at the same time, a function or variable of another package also depends on A function or variable in the package.

Circular dependencies can cause compilation errors and destroy code readability. Therefore, we should try to avoid circular dependencies. A simple solution is to solve the problem of circular dependencies by extracting common functions or variables into a separate package.

4. Using composite structures

In Golang, we can use composite structures (Embedded Struct) to achieve code reuse. A composite structure refers to one structure nested within another structure. In this way, all member variables and methods of one structure can be directly inherited into another structure.

Using composite structures can effectively reduce code redundancy. For example, we can encapsulate some common functions and variables needed in HTTP processors into a structure named "base", and then implement the code in a specific HTTP processor by nesting the "base" structure of reuse.

5. Using interfaces

In Golang, interfaces are a very important feature. Using interfaces can decouple code and achieve a high-cohesion, low-coupling code structure. When subcontracting, we can divide packages according to interfaces. For example, for a database access code, we can define an interface named "db" and then use this interface in the implementation of specific database operations. This allows multiple database access packages to share an interface, improving the maintainability and reusability of the code.

Summary

Golang’s subcontracting is a very basic and important knowledge point. This article introduces some common subcontracting methods and techniques, hoping to provide some useful reference for people learning Golang. In actual development, we should choose the appropriate subcontracting method according to the specific project conditions, and follow the Golang coding specifications and best practices.

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