How to solve golang text garbled characters

When writing programs using golang, sometimes we encounter the problem of garbled characters when outputting Chinese characters. This is because golang uses UTF-8 encoding by default, but the default encoding of some operating systems or terminal tools is not UTF-8, causing Chinese characters to not be displayed normally.

There are many reasons for this situation. Below we will explain several of them in detail and provide corresponding solutions.

1. Encoding issues with terminal tools

In the CMD command prompt of the Windows operating system, the default encoding is GBK, and UTF-8 encoded Chinese characters cannot be displayed normally. At this point we can solve it in the following two ways.

1. Modify the encoding method of CMD

Modify the encoding method of CMD to UTF-8, which can be achieved by using the chcp 65001 command (requires support for Windows Vista and above). After entering this command in CMD, you can switch the encoding method to UTF-8.

2. Convert output encoding method

In the golang program, you can use some library functions to convert Chinese strings from UTF-8 encoding to other encoding methods. For example, you can use GB18030 in the "golang.org/x/text/encoding/simplifiedchinese" package to convert the string to GBK encoding.

2. File encoding issues

When we use golang to read files or output files, if the encoding method of the file is inconsistent with the encoding method used by the program, Chinese characters will also be garbled.

1. Specify the encoding method when reading a file

When reading a file in golang, we need to specify the encoding method of the file. This can be achieved using some functions in the "golang.org/x/text/encoding" package. For example, use the "bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin).ReadString('\n')" function to read a line of UTF-8 encoded string. If the file is encoded differently than UTF-8, you can specify a different encoding by modifying the ReadString function accordingly.

2. Specify the encoding method when writing to a file

When writing data to a file, you also need to specify the encoding method of the file. This can be achieved by using some functions in the "golang.org/x/text/encoding" package. For example, use the "bufio.NewWriter(buf).WriteString(str)" function to write a UTF-8 encoded string into a Buffer. If you need to write data to files with other encoding methods, you can specify other encoding methods by modifying the WriteString function accordingly.

3. Web encoding issues

When writing web applications, if we use Chinese characters as input or output, we may also encounter garbled code problems.

1. Set the character set in the http header

In golang web applications, you can solve the problem of garbled Chinese characters by specifying the character set in the http header. The character set in the http header can be set using functions in the "net/http" package. For example, you can use the "w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=utf-8")" function to set the character set in the http header to UTF-8.

2. Convert character encoding

In web applications, we may need to convert strings obtained from databases or other sources into UTF-8 encoded strings , and then output them to the browser. You can use GB18030 in the "golang.org/x/text/encoding/simplifiedchinese" package to convert strings from GBK encoding to UTF-8 encoding. For example, you can use the "gbkBytes, _ := simplifiedchinese.GB18030.NewDecoder().Bytes(strBytes)" function to convert a GBK-encoded string into a UTF-8-encoded string.

Summary

When using golang to write programs, it is very common to encounter the problem of garbled Chinese characters. We can adopt different solutions according to different situations. To avoid the problem of garbled Chinese characters, the best way is to encode all data in UTF-8. This not only avoids coding problems, but also makes our programs more portable and shareable.

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