How to recursively delete files and folders using Golang

It is not difficult to recursively delete files or folders in Golang. You only need to master some basic knowledge in the Go language. In this article, we will introduce how to recursively delete files and folders using Golang.

File deletion

Golang provides a os package, which contains a wealth of functions to access the underlying functions of the system, including file operations. We can delete files through the os.Remove() function. Its syntax is very simple:

err := os.Remove("path/to/file")
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}

But what if you want to delete a folder? Using the os.Remove() function won't work because it can only remove files. However, we can use the os.RemoveAll() function to delete a folder and all its subfiles and subfolders:

err := os.RemoveAll("path/to/folder")
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}

This way we can delete a folder and all its subfiles and subfolders folder. But what if there are many layers of subfolders in this folder? We need to use a recursive function to solve this problem.

Deleting folders recursively

Recursive functions refer to calling their own functions, which can solve some nested structure problems. When deleting a folder, we can use a recursive function to achieve this:

func removeDir(dir string) error {
    // 读取目录下的所有文件和文件夹
    files, err := ioutil.ReadDir(dir)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }

    for _, file := range files {
        path := filepath.Join(dir, file.Name())
        if file.IsDir() {
            // 递归删除此文件夹
            if err := removeDir(path); err != nil {
                return err
            }
        } else {
            // 删除文件
            if err := os.Remove(path); err != nil {
                return err
            }
        }
    }

    // 删除空文件夹
    return os.Remove(dir)
}

The above code defines a removeDir() function, which receives a folder path as a parameter. First, the function reads all files and folders under this folder and iterates through them. If the current traversal is a folder, call the removeDir() function recursively to delete the folder. If the current traversal is a file, delete the file directly.

After traversing all sub-files and sub-folders, we can safely delete the empty folder.

Before using this function, we need to first determine whether the folder exists. We can use the os.Stat() function to determine whether a file or folder exists:

func isDirExist(dir string) bool {
    _, err := os.Stat(dir)
    return err == nil || os.IsExist(err)
}

This function receives a folder path and returns a Boolean value indicating whether the folder Exists, returns true if it exists, otherwise returns false.

Finally, by combining these functions, we can achieve the purpose of recursively deleting the folder:

func main() {
    // 删除文件夹 path/to/folder
    folder := "path/to/folder"
    if isDirExist(folder) {
        if err := removeDir(folder); err != nil {
            log.Fatal(err)
        } else {
            log.Printf("删除文件夹 %s 完成", folder)
        }
    } else {
        log.Printf("文件夹 %s 不存在", folder)
    }
}

The above code is deleted by calling the removeDir() function folder, which logs successful file deletions or errors.

Now, you have mastered the method of recursively deleting files and folders in Golang. In real applications, please pay attention to error handling and logging when using these functions.

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