How to implement IP query under Golang

With the popularization of the Internet and the development of globalization, more and more companies need to handle users' IP addresses accordingly. For example, push corresponding advertisements or restrict access according to the area where the user is located. For implementing such functions, Golang language is undoubtedly a good choice.

As a modern programming language, Golang has the following advantages:

1. Efficient concurrency mode

Golang language inherently supports concurrency mode, which can be easily to achieve high-concurrency tasks. This is very important for IP queries because a large number of requests need to be processed in a short period of time.

2. Rich standard library

The Golang language itself comes with many standard libraries, including many excellent network processing-related libraries. For example, libraries such as net/http and net/url can help us easily implement the IP query function.

3. Easy-to-learn syntax

The syntax of Golang language is simple and easy to learn, suitable for novices to get started. At the same time, it has the characteristics of a high-level programming language and can support complex application scenarios.

So how to implement IP query in Golang language? Let’s discuss it together below.

First, we need to get the user’s IP address. This can be obtained through the net/http library in the Golang language. The user's IP address can be obtained by reading the X-Forwarded-For field in the HTTP header information. As shown in the following code:

func getIP(r *http.Request) string {
    ip := r.Header.Get("X-Real-IP")
    if ip == "" {
        ip = r.Header.Get("X-Forwarded-For")
        if ip == "" {
            ip = r.RemoteAddr
        }
    }
    return ip
}

Next, we need to convert the IP address to an integer for comparison. We can use the IP type under the net package in the Golang language to achieve this function. As shown in the following code:

func ipToint(ip string) uint32 {
    ipInt := net.ParseIP(ip).To4()
    return binary.BigEndian.Uint32(ipInt)
}

Then we need to prepare the IP address segment data, which can be obtained from the Internet or written by ourselves. We need to store the IP address segment data into a table, such as using the map type. As shown in the following code:

type IPTable struct {
    StartIP uint32
    EndIP   uint32
    City    string
}

var IPTABLE map[string]IPTable

func init() {
    IPTABLE = make(map[string]IPTable)
    // insert data into IPTABLE
}

Finally, we can find the corresponding area information in the IP table based on the user IP address. As shown in the following code:

func findLocation(ip string) string {
    ipInt := ipToint(ip)
    for _, value := range IPTABLE {
        if value.StartIP < ipInt && value.EndIP > ipInt {
            return value.City
        }
    }
    return "Unknown"
}

Through the above code, we can easily implement the IP query function in Golang language.

Summary:

Through the above introduction, we can understand that Golang language, as a modern programming language, has the characteristics of high concurrency, rich standard library, and simple and easy-to-learn syntax. Golang language is also a very good choice when implementing network-related functions such as IP query. With the above code examples, I believe readers can easily build a high-performance IP query system.

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