A brief analysis of GitLab installation steps and precautions

GitLab is a web-based Git repository management tool that can be used to manage the team's code, documents and progress. Installing GitLab allows team members to collaborate on code development and management on the same platform, thereby improving development efficiency and team communication. This article will introduce you to the installation steps and precautions of GitLab.

1. Preparations before installation
Before you start to install GitLab, please make sure you have made the following preparations:

1. Choose the appropriate server: To install GitLab, You need a physical server or virtual machine to run GitLab's software packages and related services. It is recommended to choose a server with better performance and memory greater than or equal to 2GB to ensure stability and smoothness when using GitLab.

2. Install necessary software: Installing GitLab on the server requires some necessary software packages, such as: curl, openssh-server, ca-certificates, etc. Please install these packages before installing GitLab.

3. Prepare the database: GitLab needs a database to store all information. You can choose to install MySQL or PostgreSQL, but PostgreSQL is recommended. Before installing GitLab, please create a database, user, and password for GitLab to use.

2. Download and install GitLab
1. Download GitLab: Before starting to install GitLab, please download the latest version of GitLab from the GitLab official website (https://about.gitlab.com/install) software package.

2. Install GitLab: After downloading the GitLab software package, please follow the following steps to install it:

(1) Install dependencies: Before starting to install the GitLab software package, please install the necessary dependencies. Dependencies can be installed through the following commands:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y curl openssh-server ca-certificates

(2) Download and install the GitLab package: execute Use the following command to download and install the GitLab software package:
cd /tmp
curl -LO https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/gitlab/gitlab-ee/script.deb.sh
sudo bash /tmp/script.deb.sh
sudo EXTERNAL_URL="http://gitlab.example.com" apt-get install gitlab-ee

Note: Change http://gitlab.example Replace .com with your hostname or IP address.

(3) Open the firewall port: To access the GitLab web interface, you need to open the port required by GitLab. By default, GitLab requires HTTP (port 80) and HTTPS (port 443) ports to be opened. You can use the following command to open the port:

sudo ufw allow http
sudo ufw allow https

(4) Restart GitLab: After the installation is complete, use the following command to restart GitLab:
sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

3. Configure GitLab
After installing GitLab, you need to make some simple settings to configure GitLab. Here are the steps to complete some basic configuration.

1. Configure SMTP email service: GitLab requires SMTP email service to send emails to users. You need to set up an SMTP mail service to send mail to users. You can configure the SMTP mail service according to the GitLab documentation (https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/smtp.html).

2. Modify Root password: After installing GitLab, by default, you can use the user name "root" and the initial password "5iveL!fe", but it is recommended that you change your password immediately. The Root password can be changed using the following command:

sudo gitlab-rails console
user = User.where(id: 1).first
user.password = 'new_password'
user.password_confirmation = 'new_password'
user.save!

3. Create users: GitLab supports multiple users, and you can create many users to join and manage code. Users can be created and added according to the GitLab documentation (https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/members/index.html).

4. Summary
This article introduces how to install GitLab and how to configure GitLab after installation. Before starting to install GitLab, please make sure you have made preparations, such as installing necessary software, creating a database, preparing SMTP mail service, etc. With the steps provided in this article, you can successfully install and configure the latest version of GitLab and collaborate with your team on developing and managing code.

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