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Illegal mix of collations (latin1_swedish_ci,IMPLICIT) and (_MySQL

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2016-05-27 14:29:411018browse

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部署完项目,测试一下,诶,数据出来了 没有多大问题(暗舒一口气)。继续测吧,一点新建完了,报错了,看看什么错误
 
一看完了 java.sql.SQLException: Illegal mix of collations (latin1_swedish_ci,IMPLICIT)
 
and (utf8_general_ci,COERCIBLE) for operation '=' 是这个错误 ,什么原因呢,第一次遇到。
 
头大了。去查文档说是:结果集中有两种字符集。 我晕了 ,怎么会这样呢,看看表结构,一种啊。 继续查吧。
 
用 SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%'; 查看一下 显示 +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8| | character_set_connection | utf8| | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_results | utf8| | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /home/jh/mysql/share/mysql/charsets | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 再用 SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%'; 查看一下 显示 +----------------------+-------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-------------------+ | collation_connection | utf8_swedish_ci | | collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci | +----------------------+-------------------+ 原来如此啊 哈哈 知道错在哪里 剩下的就好办了 解决方法:  依次执行:   set character_set_database =utf8;  set character_set_results =utf8;  set character_set_server =utf8;  set character_set_system =utf8; --此处utf-8也可以  然后执行:  SET collation_server = utf8_general_ci   SET collation_database = utf8_general_ci  执行完之后,请检查mysql下每个数据库,表,字段是否都是utf8,不是则改过来,这样子就不会出现  最笨的方法是重装一下数据库。(一般不要用这种方法呀)   最终解决方法: 1.1 如果是windows版本的mysql,那么在安装的时候,系统就会提示用哪种编码。     如果安装的时候设置错误了,修改mysql安装目录下的my.ini文件:     [mysql]     default-character-set=utf8     ...     # The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is     # created and no character set is defined     default-character-set=utf8     配置好后,重启mysql。 1.2 如果是linux版本的mysql      修改mysql的配置文件,使数据库与服务器操作系统的字符集设置一致。     vi /etc/my.cnf 设置(如果没有发现这个文件,就新建1个)     [mysqld]     datadir=/var/lib/mysql     socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock     default-character-set=utf8 (增加的关键一句,使得数据库缺省以utf8存储)     当然,修改后,要重启数据库。(这样设置后对新建的数据库表才起作用)      用SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';命令查看到如下内容: +--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Variable_name            | Value                                                                 | +--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | character_set_client     | utf8| | character_set_connection | utf8| | |character_set_database |utf8                                                               | | character_set_filesystem | binary                                                                | | character_set_results    | utf8| | character_set_server     | utf8                                                                  | | character_set_system     | utf8                                                                  | | character_sets_dir       | /home/jh/mysql/share/mysql/charsets | +--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+     发现关键项目已经用了utf8,但这样还不够,还要保证客户端也是用utf8的字符集来操作的。     登录的时候,要用以下命令:mysql --default-character-set=utf8 -u root -p         再次用SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';命令查看,结果变成了: +--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Variable_name            | Value                                                                 | +--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | character_set_client     | utf8                                                                  | | character_set_connection | utf8                                                                  | | character_set_database   | utf8                                                                  | | character_set_filesystem | binary                                                                | | character_set_results    | utf8                                                                  | | character_set_server     | utf8                                                                  | | character_set_system     | utf8                                                                  | | character_sets_dir       | /home/jh/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+     这样才能保证客户端所发命令都是基于utf8格式的,比如说建立数据库和表,默认就会以utf8编码,而无须再次指定。(再次说一句对新建的数据库和表起作用)。

 另外:

第三种方法:网上看到的,先记录一下。<br><br>1.如果安装mysql的编码已不能更改,很多朋友是购买虚拟主机建立网站,无权更改MYSQL的安装编码,这一关我们可以跳过,因为只要后面的步聚正确,一样能解决乱码问题<br>2.修改数据库编码,如果是数据库编码不正确: 可以在phpmyadmin 执行如下命令: ALTER DATABASE `test` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin<br>以上命令就是将test数据库的编码设为utf8<br>3.修改表的编码:ALTER TABLE `category` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin<br>以上命令就是将一个表category的编码改为utf8<br>4.修改字段的编码:<br>ALTER TABLE `test` CHANGE `dd` `dd` VARCHAR( 45 ) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL<br>以上命令就是将test表中 dd的字段编码改为utf8<br>5.如果是这种情况容易解决,只需检查下页面,修改源文件的charset即可<br>, //这个正确就无问题了<br>6.这种情况也是修改页面charset即可
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