Let’s talk about the steps and related technologies to implement push streaming in Go language

Go language (Go) is an open source programming language launched by Google. Its simple syntax, concurrency model and powerful network programming capabilities have been favored by many developers in the field of live streaming. This article will introduce the steps and related technologies to implement streaming using Go language.

1. Push protocol

The push protocol refers to the communication protocol used when the video stream is pushed from the client to the server. We usually use RTMP, HLS, HTTP-FLV and other protocols to implement the streaming function.

1. RTMP

RTMP (Real-Time Messaging Protocol) is an audio and video streaming transmission protocol launched by Adobe, which uses the TCP protocol for transmission. RTMP provides functions such as encoding, compression, and transmission of streaming media files, and is widely used in fields such as video live broadcast and interactive live broadcast. During the RTMP streaming process, you need to use some libraries, such as librtmp, go-rtmp, etc.

2. HLS

HLS (HTTP Live Streaming) is a streaming media protocol launched by Apple, which divides the entire video into a series of small chunks, each of which Each block is a separate file. These small files can be transmitted through the HTTP protocol to achieve the effect of live streaming. The M3U8 playlist and ts fragment format used by HLS are standard HTTP protocol formats, and the client can directly use the browser to play.

3. HTTP-FLV

HTTP-FLV is a streaming media protocol in FLV format based on HTTP protocol transmission. It transmits audio and video streams in FLV format through the HTTP protocol, implementing a segmented transmission mechanism similar to the HLS protocol, while showing high real-time performance. The user experience is basically the same as the traditional RTMP.

No matter which push protocol is used, developers need to master the relevant protocol principles and technologies in order to better implement the push function.

2. Streaming implementation

In the process of using Go language to implement streaming, you need to rely on some streaming media server software, such as Nginx, OpenResty, etc. Next, we take the use of Nginx NGINX-RTMP-Module to implement HLS protocol streaming as an example to introduce the implementation of streaming in Go language.

1. Preparation

1) Install Nginx, nginx-rtmp-module

2) Install FFmpeg

3) Install Go Environment

2. Modify nginx configuration

Add rtmp service configuration in the Nginx configuration file, as follows:

rtmp {
    server {
        listen 1935;
        chunk_size 4096;
        application live 
        {
            live on;
            record off;
            hls on;
            hls_path /usr/local/nginx/html/hls;
        }
    }
}

3. Writing Go streaming program

package main

import (
    "bytes"
    "log"
    "os/exec"
)

func main() {
    cmd := exec.Command("ffmpeg", "-re", "-i", "input.mp4", "-c:v", "libx264", "-c:a", "aac", "-strict", "experimental", "-f", "flv", "rtmp://localhost/live/stream")
    var out bytes.Buffer
    cmd.Stdout = &out
    err := cmd.Run()
    if err != nil {
        log.Println(err)
    }
}

The above code uses FFmpeg to push the local video file input.mp4 to the address rtmp://localhost/live/stream.

4. Run the program

Run the Go push program through the go run command, as follows:

go run main.go

After the push is successful, You can open http://localhost/hls/stream.m3u8 in the browser to check the streaming effect.

Summary

Through the above steps, we can successfully use Go language to implement HLS protocol push. Of course, the Go language can also implement protocols such as RTMP and HTTP-FLV. Developers can choose the technical direction that suits them for push implementation.

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