What is the difference between goroutine and coroutine

Difference: 1. Goroutine communicates through channels, and coroutine communicates through yield and recovery operations. 2. Goroutine coroutines are not completely synchronized and can be run in parallel using multiple cores; coroutine coroutines are completely synchronized and will not run in parallel. 3. Goroutine can switch between multiple coroutines/threads; coroutine runs in one thread. 4. The application occupies a large amount of CPU for a long time. Users in goroutine have the right to terminate this task, but coroutine does not.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, GO version 1.18, Dell G3 computer.

C#, Lua, and Python languages ​​all support the coroutine feature. Coroutine and goroutine are similar in name. Both can run functions or statements in an independent environment, but there are two differences between them:

• goroutine may execute in parallel;

• But coroutines are always executed sequentially.

goroutines means parallel (or can be deployed in parallel), coroutines generally do not, goroutines communicate through channels; coroutines communicate through yield and resume operations, Goroutines are more powerful than coroutines, and it is easy to reuse logic from coroutines to goroutines.

In a narrow sense, goroutine may occur in a multi-threaded environment, and goroutine cannot control itself to obtain high-priority support; coroutine always occurs in a single thread, and the coroutine program needs to actively hand over control before the host can obtain control. and transfer control to other coroutines.

Channel communication is used between goroutines, and coroutines use yield and resume operations.

The concepts and operating mechanisms of goroutine and coroutine are derived from early operating systems.

The running mechanism of coroutine is cooperative task processing. Early operating systems required that each application must comply with the task processing rules of the operating system. When the application does not need to use the CPU, it will actively hand over the CPU usage rights. If a developer accidentally or intentionally lets an application occupy the CPU for a long time, the operating system can do nothing, and the result is that the computer can easily become unresponsive or freeze.

Goroutine is a preemptive task processing, which is very similar to existing multi-thread and multi-process task processing. The application's control of the CPU ultimately needs to be managed by the operating system. If the operating system finds that an application is occupying a large amount of the CPU for a long time, the user has the right to terminate the task.

Summary of the difference between coroutine and goroutine

Difference 1:

• goroutine communicates through channels;

• coroutine communicates through yield and recovery operations

Difference 2:

• Between goroutine coroutines Incomplete synchronization, multiple cores can be used to run in parallel, depending on the channel design;

• coroutine coroutines are completely synchronized and will not run in parallel

Difference three:

• goroutine can switch between multiple coroutines and multiple threads, which can not only use multiple cores, but also reduce switching overhead.

• coroutine only runs in one thread, only runs in one thread

Difference four:

• If the goroutine operating system finds that an application is occupying a large amount of CPU for a long time, the user has the right to terminate the task.

• coroutine If a developer accidentally or intentionally lets an application occupy the CPU for a long time, the operating system can do nothing. The result is that the computer can easily become unresponsive or crash.

[Related recommendations: Go video tutorial, Programming teaching】

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