


What is the difference between pointer array and array pointer
区别:对指针数组来说,首先它是一个数组,数组的元素都是指针,也就是说该数组存储的是指针,数组占多少个字节由数组本身决定;而对数组指针来说,首先它是一个指针,它指向一个数组,也就是说它是指向数组的指针,在 32 位系统下永远占 4 字节,至于它指向的数组占多少字节,这个不能够确定,要看具体情况。
本教程操作环境:windows7系统、c99版本、Dell G3电脑。
一、数组指针和指针数组的定义
1.指针数组:定义 int *p[n];
指针数组可以说成是”指针的数组”,由于*p没有括号,首先这个变量是一个数组,其次,”指针p”修饰这个数组,意思是说这个数组的所有元素都是指针类型,而指针所占的字节数和其类型无关,只与系统有关,在32位系统下,任何类型的指针占据4个字节,在64位系统下,任何类型的指针占据8个字节。
由于()的优先级高,首先说明p是一个int类型指针,它是指向一个整型(int)的一维数组,这个一维数组的长度是n,也可以说是总共有n个格子。数组指针也称指向一维数组的指针,亦称行指针。
数组指针也可以称为“数组的指针”,首先这个变量是一个指针,其次,”数组”修饰这个指针,意思是说这个指针存放着一个数组的首地址,或者说这个指针指向一个数组的首地址。
二、数组指针和指针数组的使用
首先定义一个数组指针,既然是数组的指针,说明是用指针p去指向一个一维数组,即:
int (*p)[[4]]; //这里定义int类型,p是一个指针,指向一维数组的首地址,这个一维数组大小为4
也就是说,int类型的指针p指向int [[4]]的数组,而数组的每一个元素是一个int类型的变量。
数组指针本质是一个指针,而指针的作用就是用来指向变量的地址,所以数组指针一般可以这样使用(示例):
void fun(int (*P)[4]); //子函数中的形参,数组指针 a[3][4] = {0}; //主函数中定义的二维数组 fun(a); //主函数调用子函数的实参,是二维数组的首元素首地址
对于指针数组,也就是“指针的数组”,说明这个数组的所有元素都是指针类型。不妨定义指针p,例如:
int *p[[4]]; //这里数组长度为4,所有元素均为int类型的指针
代码如下(示例):
void Fun(char** str); //子函数中的形参,指针数组 int main() { int arr[3][4]; char* str = "abc"; char** q = &str; }
传递的参数 | 匹配需要的形参 |
---|---|
int *p[4] | int **p(指针数组或者二级指针) |
int (*p)[4] | int (*p)[4](不变) |
int [3][4] | int (*p)[4](数组指针) |
int **p | int **p(不变) |
三、实际使用的例子
例子:使用指针数组打印出:“sun wu kong”
// 代码块 打印“sun wu kong” char str1[] = { 's', 'u', 'n' , '\0' }; char str2[] = { 'w', 'u' ,'\0' }; char str3[] = { 'k', 'o', 'n', 'g' ,'\0' }; char* p[3] = { str1, str2, str3 };
总结
提示:这里对文章进行总结:
1、数组指针简单理解为“数组的指针”,首先这个变量是一个指针,其次,”数组”修饰这个指针,意思是说这个指针存放着一个数组的首地址,或者说这个指针指向一个数组的首地址。
2、指针数组简单理解为“指针的数组”,首先这个变量是一个数组,其次,”指针p”修饰这个数组,意思是说这个数组的所有元素都是指针类型。
3、关于函数传参的问题:传递的参数:int *p[4] -> 匹配需要的形参:int **p(指针数组或者二级指针);传递的参数:int (*p)[4] -> 匹配需要的形参:int (*p)[4](不变)。
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