How to configure LNMP development environment with Docker on Mac

How to configure LNMP development environment with Docker under Mac: 1. Install Docker; 2. Configure the installation environment; 3. Install Mysql5.7; 4. Install php7.4.5; 5. Install nginx1.16.1; 6. Configure docker-compose.

The operating environment of this article: macOS10.15 system, php7.4.5 version, MacBook Air 2019 computer

Docker configuration LNMP under Mac Development environment

Foreword:
1. The standard usage of Docker is that each docker container only provides one service.
So it should be a separate container for mysql, a separate container for php-fpm, and a separate container for nginx.

2. The design concept of Docker is not to run background services in the container. The container itself is an independent main process on the host, which can also be indirectly understood as the application process running services in the container. The life cycle of a container revolves around this main process, so the correct way to use a container is to run the services inside it in the foreground.

1. Install Docker

Download and install

Download address https://download.docker.com/mac/stable/Docker.dmg

Configuration Image acceleration

Preferences >> Docker Engine

{
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "https://registry.docker-cn.com",
    "http://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
    "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"
  ]
}

View configuration status
docker info

2. Configure the installation environment

Install centos (can be skipped)

View the image version https://hub.docker.com/_/centos?tab=tags
Pull the image

docker pull centos:centos7.8.2003

View Mirror

docker images

Create container

docker run -v /data:/docker_data -p 80:80 -itd --privileged=true centos:v0.0.1 /usr/sbin/init
// -v 挂载路径 本地/data挂载到容器的/docker_data路径
// -p 端口映射
// -i 允许你对容器内的标准输入 (STDIN) 进行交互
// -t 在新容器内指定一个伪终端或终端
// -d 在后台运行
// --privileged=true 以特权模式运行容器(可以运行后台服务)

View container

docker ps // -l 查看历史容器

Enter container

docker exec -it 46e9810a35e6 bash

Update image (submit container copy)

docker commit -m "test update" 21e09cfcc692 centos:test

Delete Mirror

docker rmi centos:test

Problem 1: unable to remove repository reference "centos:test" (must force) - container 46e9810a35e6 is using its referenced image 5b5eb956a405
Solution: View and delete historical images

docker ps -l
docker rm 46e9810a35e6

Install Mysql5.7

Pull the image

docker pull mysql:5.7

Create container

docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql_test -v ~/Docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -d --privileged=true mysql:5.7

Command instructions

-p 3306:3306：将容器的3306端口映射到主机的3306端口
-v PWD/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql：将主机当前目录下的mysql/data文件夹挂载到容器的/var/lib/mysql 下，在mysql容器中产生的数据就会保存在本机mysql/data目录下(路径会自动创建)
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=passwd：初始化root用户的密码
-d 后台运行容器
--name 给容器指定别名
--privileged=true centos7 可能会碰到权限问题，需要加参数

Enter the container

docker exec -it mysql_test /bin/bash

How to add sudo to docker

1.创建docker组：sudo groupadd docker
2.将当前用户加入docker组：sudo gpasswd -a ${USER} docker
3.重启服务：sudo service docker restart
4.刷新docker成员：newgrp - docker

Under Mac

#查看用户组：
dscl . list /groups
#添加用户组：
sudo dscl . -create /Groups/docker
添加user到group:
sudo dscl . -append /Groups/docker GroupMembership username

Install php7.4.5

Pull the image

docker pull php:7.4.5-fpm

Create Dockerfile

vim Dockerfile

FROM  php:7.4.5-fpm
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
 libfreetype6-dev \
 libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
 libpng12*-dev \
 && docker-php-ext-enable opcache \
 && docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql \
 && docker-php-ext-install gd \

Construct image

docker build -t="php:7.4.5v2" .

Start

docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -v /var/www/html/:/var/www/html/ --name php-with-mysql --link mysql_test:mysql  --volumes-from mysql_test --privileged=true php-fpm5.6/v2

Command description

－v 将本地磁盘上的php代码挂载到docker 环境中，对应docker的目录是 /var/www/html/ 
--name 新建的容器名称 php-with-mysql
--link 链接的容器，链接的容器名称：在该容器中的别名，运行这个容器是，docker中会自动添加一个host识别被链接的容器ip
--privileged=true 权限问题

Remarks

nproc内核参数,是系统上的最大进程数。
$(nproc)是获取安装系统的该内核参数。常用的还有获取文件路径的命令$(pwd)

Extension related

# 查看已开启扩展
php -m
# 查看现有可以启动的扩展
ls /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/
# 启动扩展
docker-php-ext-enable opcache
# 安装并启动扩展

Reference Docker php Detailed explanation of installation extension steps

Install nginx1.16.1

Pull image

docker pull nginx:1.16.1

Create container

docker run -d --link php-with-mysql:phpfpm --volumes-from php-with-mysql -p 80:80 -v /var/www/nginx/conf/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf --name nginx-php --privileged=true  nginx

Command description

--link php-with-mysql:phpfpm 将php容器链接到nginx容器里来，phpfpm是nginx容器里的别名。
--volumes-from php-with-mysql 将php-with-mysql 容器挂载的文件也同样挂载到nginx容器中
-v /var/www/nginx/conf/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf  将nginx 的配置文件替换，挂载本地编写的配置文件

Default configuration

vim default.conf

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   /var/www/html;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php; # 增加index.php
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   /var/www/html;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           /var/www/html; # 代码目录
            fastcgi_pass   phpfpm:9000;    # 修改为phpfpm容器
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; # 修改为$document_root
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
    }

Configuration docker-compose

File structure tree

.
├── docker-compose.yml
├── mysql
│   └── Dockerfile
├── nginx
│   ├── Dockerfile
│   └── conf
│       └── default.conf
├── phpfpm
│   └── Dockerfile
└── res
    └── index.php

YAML configuration

vim docker-compose.yml 

nginx:
  build: ./nginx
  ports:
    - "80:80"
  links:
    - "phpfpm"
  volumes:
    - /Users/majun/docker/res:/var/www/html
    - /Users/majun/docker/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d
phpfpm:
  build: ./phpfpm
  ports:
    - "9000:9000"
  volumes:
    - /Users/majun/docker/res:/var/www/html
  links:
    - "mysql"
mysql:
  build: ./mysql
  ports:
    - "3306:3306"
  volumes:
    - /Users/majun/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
  environment:
    MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD : root

Mysql Dockerfile

FROM mysql:5.7

Nginx Dockerfile

FROM nginx:1.16.1

PHPFPM Dockerfile (the image built above is used directly here)

FROM php:7.4.5v2

PHP connection Mysql test

vim index.php

//PDO中的预处理1：sql语句中是: (别名的方式)的
header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");
//实例化PDO
try{
    $pdo = new PDO(
        "mysql:host=mysql;dbname=test",
        "root",
        "root"
    );
}catch(PDOException $pe){
    die("PDO实例失败！原因：".$pe->getMessage());
}
//定义sql语句
$sql = "select * from test";
//预处理sql
$stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
//执行
$stmt->execute();
// 获取多条数据
$res = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
var_dump($res);

Remarkshost needs to write the mysql container name

Run

docker-compose up -d

Others

Install redis

Pull the image

docker pull redis

Create container

docker run -itd -p 6379:6379 redis

Enter container debugging

# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> set name 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get name
"1"

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