What are the five major components of a computer and their functions and functions?

The functions and functions are: 1. Controller, coordinates and directs the work of various computer components. 2. Calculator, performs various arithmetic operations and logical operations, and processes data. 3. Memory, store or retrieve information according to the specified address. 4. Input devices to input raw data and programs into the computer. 5. Output device, outputs computer processing results.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

The computer is composed of five basic components: memory, arithmetic unit, controller, input device and output device. Computer components generally refer to the hardware required to assemble a computer. Computer components are the realization of the five basic components of a computer. The components of different types of computers are different, which is related to many factors, such as technology, craftsmanship, price, etc.

1. Controller

The controller is a component that analyzes the input instructions and uniformly controls various components of the computer to complete certain tasks.

It generally consists of an instruction register, a status register, an instruction decoder, a sequential circuit and a control circuit.

is a component that coordinates and directs the work of various computer components. Its function is to sequentially retrieve commands from the memory, generate control signals, issue instructions to other components, and direct the entire computing process.

The controller is the center for unified command and coordination of other components.

2. Operator

The operator, also known as the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU for short), is a component that performs arithmetic and logical operations.

The main function of the operator is to perform various arithmetic operations and logical operations and process data.

Controllers, arithmetic units and registers form the core of the hardware system - the Central Processing Unit (Central Processing Unit, referred to as CPU).

The CPU is integrated on a chip using large-scale integrated circuit technology and is the core device of the computer system.

3. Memory

Memory is a component of a computer that stores or temporarily stores data.

All information in the computer, including original input data.

The intermediate data after preliminary processing and the useful information completed by the final processing are stored in the memory.

Moreover, various programs that command the computer to run, that is, a series of instructions that specify how to process the input data, are also stored in the memory.

Memory is divided into internal memory (abbreviated as memory or main memory) and external memory (referred to as external memory or auxiliary memory, such as hard disk).

4. Input device

The input device is an important human-computer interface, used to accept the original data and programs input by the user and turn them into computer functions. The recognized binary is stored in memory.

Commonly used input devices include keyboard, mouse, scanner, light pen, etc.

5. Output device

The output device is a device that outputs the results of computer processing. It is used to convert the results processed by the computer stored in the memory into something that people can Accepted form output.

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