What exactly should be the components of a complete computer system?

The exact components of a complete computer system should be computer hardware and software. The hardware system mainly consists of a central processing unit, memory, input and output control systems and various external devices; its function is to input and store programs and data, and to execute programs to process data into usable forms. Software system refers to the various programs, data and related documentation that the computer runs; software is divided into system software, support software and application software.

#The operating environment of this article: windows10 system, thinkpad t480 computer.

The exact components of a complete computer system should be computer hardware and software.

Computer system

Computer system refers to the computer hardware, software and network system used for database management.

Computer system consists of hardware (sub)system and software (sub)system. The former is an organic combination of various physical components composed of electricity, magnetism, light, machinery and other principles, and is the entity on which the system relies. The latter are various programs and files used to direct the entire system to work according to specified requirements.

Hardware system

The hardware system is mainly composed of central processing unit, memory, input and output control system and various external devices. The central processing unit is the main component for high-speed computing and processing of information, and its processing speed can reach hundreds of millions of operations per second. Memory is used to store programs, data and files, and is often composed of fast internal memory (with a capacity of hundreds of megabytes or even several gigabytes) and slow massive external memory (with a capacity of tens or hundreds of gigabytes). )composition. Various input and output external devices are information converters between humans and machines. The input-output control system manages the exchange of information between the external devices and the main memory (central processing unit).

The function of the hardware is to input and store programs and data, and to execute the program to process the data into a usable form. From the appearance point of view, the microcomputer consists of a main chassis and external devices. The main chassis mainly includes CPU, memory, motherboard, hard disk drive, optical disk drive, various expansion cards, connecting cables, power supply, etc.; external devices include mouse, keyboard, etc.

Software system

Software system refers to the various programs, data and related documentation that the computer is running. Software is divided into system software, support software and application software.

• System software consists of operating system, utility programs, compiler, etc. The operating system implements management and control of various software and hardware resources. Utility programs are designed for user convenience, such as text editing, etc. The function of a compiler is to translate programs written by users in assembly language or some high-level language into machine language programs that are executable by the machine.

• Supporting software includes interface software, tool software, environment database, etc. It can support the computer environment and provide software development tools. Support software can also be considered as part of the system software.

• Application software is a special program written by users according to their own needs. It runs with the help of system software and support software and is the outermost layer of the software system.

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