What are the basic linux commands?

Linux basic commands are: 1. pwd is to display the current path; 2. rmdir is to delete an empty directory; 3. ls is to view directory or file information; 4. vi is a text editor; 5. cp is to copy ; 6. mv means moving; 7. rm means deleting files or directories; 8. find means searching for files.

[Related learning recommendations: linux video tutorial]

The basic Linux commands are:

1.pwd: Display the current path

cd: Switch directory

Usage: cd

cd ../ switch to Parent directory

cd / Switch to the root directory

cd ~ (or only cd) Switch to the current user home directory (a folder named after the user name under home) /root directory

mkdir Create directory

mkdir directory name -p Create directory recursively

2.rmdir: Delete empty directory

Usage: rmdir directory name

Also available: rm -rf directory name

3.ls: View directory or file information

Main options:

-l List directory or file details. For example, permissions, modification time, etc.

-a List all files in the current directory, including hidden files (the ones with the beginning are hidden files)

4.vi Text Editor

Type i to enter the editing state

Exit editing and press the ESC key

Exit without saving: :q!

Save and exit: :wq

Enter / to enter the search

Enter: set nu to display the number of lines in each line

Press G on the keyboard to directly navigate to the end

5.cp Copy

Usage: cp [Option] File name or directory Target address

-R Copy directory And all directories and files in the directory

cp a.txt b.txt Copy file a and rename it to file b (directory name)

6.mv move

Usage: mv file name or directory target directory

mv a.txt ../ Move a file to the upper-level directory (move Move a file to another directory without renaming)

mv a.txt ../b.txt Move file a to the upper level and rename it to file b (move a file to another directory and rename it Name)

7.rm Delete file or directory

-f Forced deletion

-r Delete directory

Commonly used: rm -rf file or directory

8.find Find the file

Usage: find [path] [option]

Commonly used options are:

find . -name *.log Find the file ending with .log in the current directory

find / -name log Find the file named log in the root directory Directory

9.grep Filter

Find the character (string) in the specified file and print the line

Usage: grep string file name

grep band file Find the band string in the file file

10.cat Display the content of the text file

Usage: cat file name cat file name

11.head View the first few lines

Usage: head -n 5 File name

12.tail Write the file to the standard output starting from the specified point

tail -n 5 file name View the last few lines

tail -f error.log Keep refreshing and see the latest content

13.ps View process(Dynamic)

-ef Display all running processes and display the command to start the process

14.netstat View network status（net status abbreviation)

netstat -apn View all ports

an, arrange the output in a certain order

p, indicating which process is calling

15.| Pipe character (vertical bar, |\ on the shift keyboard in English input method mode)

Establish a pipeline between commands and transfer the output of the previous command As the input of the following command

Find the tomcat process through the command: ps -ef | grep tomcat

Find the process number occupying this port through the command: netstat -apn|grep 8080

16.echo prints file content or edits file content

Common options are:

-n output without line breaks

-e can use escape characters (\n carriage return, \t tab key)

Example:

echo "I am studying linux">>xujun.txt append to the end of the file Content

echo $? If the return value is 0, it means the last command was successful. If it is 1 to 255, it is a failure

echo -e “wo\tshi\tshei”> xujun.txt

17.touch creation A blank file, if the current directory has the same file, the timestamp of the file will be updated

-a Modify the access time

-m Modify the modify time You can understand these two parameters

18.uname Check the system

-m Check the operating system of the system

-r View the system kernel version

-a View the detailed system kernel version and system operating system

19.rz Upload

If there is no such command in the system, use yum install lrzsz to install

-y to overwrite

Enter rz directly to upload the file

20.sz download

If there is no such command in the system, use yum install lrzsz to install

-y to overwrite

sz -y test.txt

21.su Switch user

su root

22.history View command history

23.chmod permission grant command

-R recursively changes the permissions of all subdirectories and files in the directory

Number mode: r=4 w=2 x=1

chmod 777 lemon

24.tar Decompress and compress tar.gz

tar -czvf test.tar.gz test

Compress the test folder into test.tar.gz

tar -xzvf test.tar.gz

Compress test.tar .gz decompress to get the test folder

25.zip Decompress and compress zip

zip –r test.zip test

Compress the test folder into test.zip, you must use r to compress the file, otherwise an empty folder will be generated

unzip test.zip

Extract the test.zip folder

26. Turn off the firewall

Enable: service iptables start

Close: service iptables stop

27. View the file from end to end

tac

28.shutdown Shutdown

Permanently turn off the firewall

Turn on: chkconfig iptables on

Turn off: chkconfig iptables off

The above is the detailed content of What are the basic linux commands?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!