Can Python be used for mathematical modeling?

In mathematical modeling, most people are using MATLAB, but MATLAB is not an orthodox computer programming language, and it is slow and charges a fee. The most intolerable thing is that the MATLAB editor does not support automatic code completion. Python is a very good choice for mathematical modeling. There are three very famous scientific computing libraries in Python: numpy, scipy and matplotlib. The three basically replace the functions of MATLAB and are fully capable of handling mathematical modeling tasks.

Here are a few examples of python solving mathematical modeling:

Finding the maximum and minimum problem of linear programming problem

max： z = 4x1 + 3x2
st:      2x1 + 3x2<=10
           x1 + x2 <=8
           x2 <= 7
           x1,x2 > 0
from scipy.optimize import linprog
c = [4,3]        #默认linprog求解的是最小值，若求最大值，此处c取反即可得到最大值的相反数。
A = [[2,3],[1,1]]
b = [10,8]
x1_bounds = [0,None]
x2_bounds =[0,7]
res = linprog(c,A,b,bounds=(x1_bounds,x2_bounds))

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Least squares curve fitting of polynomials

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = np.arange(1990,1997,1)
y = np.array([70 ,122 ,144 ,152, 174, 196, 202])
z1 = ployfit(x,y,1)  #之前画过原始数据，数据走向为ax+b类型。故采用一次多项式拟合
p1 = np.ploy1d(z1)
yvalue = p1(x)
plt.plot(x,y,'*',label = '原始数据')
plt.plot(z1,yvalue,label = '拟合曲线')
plt.xlabel('x axis')
plt.ylabel('y axis')
plt.legend(loc = 4 )
plt.tittle('多项式拟合')
plt.show()

Equation Find the derivative

from __future__ import print_function
from __future__ import division
import numpy as np
import scipy as sp
import scipy.misc
 
def f(x): return 2*x*x + 3*x + 1
print(sp.misc.derivative(f, 2))

Find the indefinite integral

from __future__ import print_function
from __future__ import division
import numpy as np
import scipy as sp
import scipy.integrate
 
f = lambda x : x**2
print(sp.integrate.quad(f, 0, 2))
print(sp.integrate.fixed_quad(f, 0, 2))

Solve the nonlinear system of equations

from __future__ import print_function
from __future__ import division
import numpy as np
import scipy as sp
import scipy.optimize
 
def f(x):
    return [5*x[1] + 3, 4*x[0]*x[0], x[1]*x[2] - 1.5]
ans = sp.optimize.fsolve(f, [0, 0, 0])
print(ans)
print(f(ans))

Solve System of linear equations

from __future__ import print_function
from __future__ import division
import numpy as np
import scipy as sp
import matplotlib.pylab as plt
import scipy.linalg
 
a = np.array([[1, 3, 5], [2, 5, 1], [2, 3, 8]])
b = np.array([10, 8, 3])
print(sp.linalg.solve(a, b))
# print(sp.linalg.inv(a).dot(b))

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