Introduction to the operation of library tables in Mysql database (code example)

This article brings you an introduction to the operation of the Mysql database table (code example). It has certain reference value. Friends in need can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you.

1. Library operation

1. Create database

Create database:

create database library name charset utf8; charset uft8 Optional options

1.2 Database naming convention:

Can be composed of letters, numbers, underscores, @, #, $

Case-sensitive

Uniqueness

Keywords such as create select

cannot be used. Numbers cannot be used alone.

. The maximum length is 128 digits.

2. Basic database operations:

1 查看数据库
show databases;
show create database db1;
select database();

2 选择数据库
USE 数据库名

3 删除数据库
DROP DATABASE 数据库名;

4 修改数据库
alter database db1 charset utf8;

2. Table Operation:

The table is equivalent to a file. A record in the table is equivalent to a row of the file. A record in the table has a corresponding title, which is called

The cid cname teacher_id in the first row is a field, and each other row is a record.

Create table:

#语法：
create table 表名(
字段名1 类型[(宽度) 约束条件],
字段名2 类型[(宽度) 约束条件],
字段名3 类型[(宽度) 约束条件]
);

#注意：
1. 在同一张表中，字段名是不能相同
2. 宽度和约束条件可选、非必须，宽度指的就是字段长度约束，例如：char(10)里面的10
3. 字段名和类型是必须的

# 事例

mysql> create database db1 charset utf8;

mysql> use db1;

mysql> create table t1(  
    -> id int, 
    -> name varchar(50),
    -> sex enum('male','female'),
    -> age int(3)
    -> );

mysql> show tables; #查看db1库下所有表名

mysql> desc t1;
+-------+-----------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type                  | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-----------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | int(11)               | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| name  | varchar(50)           | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| sex   | enum('male','female') | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| age   | int(3)                | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+-----------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

mysql> select id,name,sex,age from t1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select id,name from t1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

View table structure:

mysql> describe t1; #查看表结构，可简写为：desc 表名
+-------+-----------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type                  | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-----------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | int(11)               | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| name  | varchar(50)           | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| sex   | enum('male','female') | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| age   | int(3)                | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+-----------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+


mysql> show create table t1\G; #查看表详细结构，可加\G

Insert data

mysql> insert into t1 values
    -> (1,'chao',18,'male'),
    -> (2,'sb',81,'female')
    -> ;
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+------+--------+
| id   | name | age  | sex    |
+------+------+------+--------+
|    1 | chao |   18 | male   |
|    2 | sb |   81 | female |
+------+------+------+--------+



mysql> insert into t1(id) values 
    -> (3),
    -> (4);
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+------+--------+
| id   | name | age  | sex    |
+------+------+------+--------+
|    1 | chao |   18 | male   |
|    2 | sb |   81 | female |
|    3 | NULL | NULL | NULL   |
|    4 | NULL | NULL | NULL   |
+------+------+------+--------+

Modify the table: alter table has a fixed syntax format

语法：
1. 修改表名
      ALTER TABLE 表名 
                          RENAME 新表名;

2. 增加字段
      ALTER TABLE 表名
                          ADD 字段名  数据类型 [完整性约束条件…], #注意这里可以通过逗号来分割，一下添加多个约束条件
                          ADD 字段名  数据类型 [完整性约束条件…];
      ALTER TABLE 表名
                          ADD 字段名  数据类型 [完整性约束条件…]  FIRST; #添加这个字段的时候，把它放到第一个字段位置去。
      ALTER TABLE 表名
                          ADD 字段名  数据类型 [完整性约束条件…]  AFTER 字段名;#after是放到后的这个字段的后面去了，我们通过一个first和一个after就可以将新添加的字段放到表的任意字段位置了。
                            
3. 删除字段
      ALTER TABLE 表名 
                          DROP 字段名;

4. 修改字段
      ALTER TABLE 表名 
                          MODIFY  字段名 数据类型 [完整性约束条件…];
      ALTER TABLE 表名 
                          CHANGE 旧字段名 新字段名 旧数据类型 [完整性约束条件…];  #change比modify还多了个改名字的功能，这一句是只改了一个字段名
      ALTER TABLE 表名 
                          CHANGE 旧字段名 新字段名 新数据类型 [完整性约束条件…];#这一句除了改了字段名，还改了数据类型、完整性约束等等的内容

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