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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPositioning of CI script abnormal exit problem

下面为大家带来一篇浅谈CI脚本异常退出问题定位。内容挺不错的,现在就分享给大家,也给大家做个参考。

背景

在CI脚本中,使用类似如下脚本进行项目编译的计时,但在执行过程中,有时会出现CI脚本(命名为ci.sh)未完全执行的情况:

#!/bin/bash -e

sleep_time=$1

start_time=`date "+%s"`
# do sth, this sleep would simulate project compilation
sleep $sleep_time
end_time=`date "+%s"`

process_time=`expr \( end_time - start_time \)`
echo "---- process time(sec) are: " $process_time "seconds"

# ...

这个脚本,只是模拟我们在CI中的程序,项目编译前计时,项目编译后再次计时,通过sleep休眠来模拟CI中项目编译锁消耗的时间,然后计算出消耗的时间。这个简化的脚本逻辑很简单,我们通过以下命令来调用:

# ./ci.sh
---- process time(sec) are: 2 seconds  

这样执行好像并不会出错,那实际CI中为什么会出错呢?

分析

首先,我们发现,当出现脚本未完全执行完成时,不会打印“process time(sec) are”这一句,也就是说错误是这句之前引起的。

另外,细心的朋友还会发现,在脚本的首行,我们给bash使用了-e参数,这个参数的作用就是,一旦shell脚本中任何一行出现了错误,shell脚本就停止运行。所谓的出现错误,也就是这行语句的返回值为非零。那么,CI脚本未完全执行的原因,很可能就是因为某一行语句出现了错误,导致脚本直接退出。

通过增加打印“echo $?”来打印上一行语句的执行结果,很快定位到报错的语句在计算处理时间的这一行:

process_time=`expr \( end_time - start_time \)` 

这一行看起来十分普通,只是简单的用终止时间减去开始时间,然后赋值给process_time。为什么会返回非0值呢?

原来,expr命令有一个小小的trick,当expr表达式中的计算结果为0时,expr命令就会返回1,而不是通常的0。在我们实际的CI任务中,一旦某个项目编译时间非常短,在1秒钟内完成,那么起止时间系统,其差值也就为0,因此,expr就会返回非零值,而CI脚本也会因此而退出。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,更多相关内容请关注PHP中文网!

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