


Detailed explanation of PHP variables and dynamic string insertion into variables (case)
这篇文章主要介绍了PHP正在进行时-变量详解及字符串动态插入变量的方法,非常不错,具有参考借鉴价值,需要的朋友可以参考下
在PHP中,变量是$+变量名,变量名遵循标识符的命名规则,可以以字母、下划线开头,可以由数字、下划线、字母组成合法的变量名。
变量声明
所有变量在使用之前应该进行声明,而且最好带上注释,虽然在PHP中可以不显示声明变量。声明变量之后,可以为变量进行赋值;变量的赋值有两种类型值赋值和引用赋值。
<?php #合法的声明变量 $_name; $account; $show_title; #赋值 $color="red"; #引用赋值 $user_color=&$color; ?>
变量的作用域
在PHP脚本中的任何位置都可以声明变量,但是根据位置的不同,作用域的范围也不同。
局部变量
一般局部变量都是在函数中声明,即它只能在函数中被引用,函数退出时改变量及其值被销毁。如果在函数外使用该变量,PHP会把它当作另外一个变量进行处理,与函数中的变量无任何关系。
<?php $x=5; function show_x() { $x=3; echo $x; } show_x(); echo $x; ?>
函数参数
函数参数更具其传递的方式分为两种,按值传递和按引用传递;如果是按值传递,参数的作用域只限于函数内,函数退出后参数被销毁。但按引用传递,参数的作用域范围不仅在函数内部。
<?php $cost_fish=20.10; $cost_apple=2.45; #引用参数前面需要加上&符号 function rise($cost_fish,&$cost_apple) { $cost_fish++; $cost_apple++; } rise($cost_fish,$cost_apple); echo $cost_fish."值传递参数<--->引用传递参数".$cost_apple; ?>
全局变量
可以在脚本中的任何一个地方访问全局变量,但在函数中要修改全局变量的时候需要使用关键字global显式的声明。
<?php $x=5; function show_x() { global $x; $x++; } show_x(); ?>
通过$GLOBAL数组也可以声明全局变量
<?php $x=5; function show_x() { global $x; $x++; } show_x(); ?>
使用全局变量一定要谨慎,用多了之后很容易造成代码混乱。
静态变量
静态变量与函数参数不同在于,静态变量声明的时候多了static关键字,使得静态变量在函数退出之后不会被销毁,并且保留这个值在函数再次调用的时候使用该值。
<?php function spend() { static $date=0; $date++; echo $date; } spend(); spend(); ?>
PHP预定义变量
PHP中预定义了很多变量,可以在执行脚本的任何位置访问他们,这些变量主要是提供了大量关于环境的信息。
//打印出$_SERVER 预定义的变量信息 foreach($_SERVER as $var =>$value){ echo "$var=>$value<br/>"; }
先看下PHP正在进行时-字符串动态插入变量的内容。具体内容详情如下所示:
在PHP中,一般用双引号或者单引号将字符串括起来。
echo "张三李四王五叫上赵六一起去'喝酒'".
如果要动态将将数据插入到字符串中,我们除了使用.号拼接,还可以通过使用{}来标识字符串中动态的部分。
<?php $name="赵六"; echo "张三李四王五\n叫上$name一起去\'喝酒\'."; echo "</br>"; echo "张三李四王五\n叫上\$name一起去\'喝酒\'."; echo "</br>"; echo "张三李四王五\n叫上{$name}一起去'喝酒'."; echo "</br>"; echo '张三李四王五\n叫上$name一起去\'喝酒\'.'; echo "</br>"; echo '张三李四王五\n叫上{$name}一起去\'喝酒\'.'; echo "</br>"; ?>
通过上面的代码我们发现:
在双引号中直接插入变量是无效的;
在双引号中可以通过反斜杠()转义字符,但双引号中的单引号不需要通过反斜杠转义;
在单引号中除了可以转义单引号,对其他的字符反斜杠转义是无效的;
通过{}可以在双引号字符串中动态插入变量。
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