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PHP index array sorting method sorting

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不言Original
2018-05-05 09:20:332798browse

This article mainly introduces the sorting method of PHP index array, which has certain reference value. Now I share it with everyone. Friends in need can refer to it

1. Bubble sort

1. Principle

Each time in the unordered queue, two adjacent numbers are compared in sequence, the decimal is moved to the front, and the comparison is performed successively until the largest number is moved to the front. at last. Finally, continue to compare the remaining N-1 numbers, and move the second largest number to the second to last position. Follow this rule until the comparison ends.

2. Code

/**
* 冒泡排序
* @param  Array 排序数组
* @return Array 排序号的数组
*/
function bubbleSort($arr)
{  
  $len=count($arr);
  //该层循环控制 需要冒泡的轮数
  for($i=1;$i<$len;$i++)
  { //该层循环用来控制每轮 冒出一个数 需要比较的次数
    for($k=0;$k<$len-$i;$k++)
    {
       if($arr[$k]>$arr[$k+1])
        {
            $tmp=$arr[$k+1];
            $arr[$k+1]=$arr[$k];
            $arr[$k]=$tmp;
        }
    }
  }
  return $arr;
}

2. Selection sort

1. Principle

Every time in the unordered queue "Select" the minimum value, put it at the end of the ordered queue, and remove the value from the unordered queue (the specific implementation is slightly different).

2. Code

/**
* 选择排序
* 功能:将索引数组(值也都为数字)按照【键=>值:最小键=>最小值】的顺序重新排列
* @param   Array 
* @return  Array
*/
function selectSort($arr) {
	//双重循环完成,外层控制轮数,内层控制比较次数
 	$len=count($arr);
    for($i=0; $i<$len-1; $i++) {
        //先假设最小的值的位置
        $p = $i;
        
        for($j=$i+1; $j<$len; $j++) {
            //$arr[$p] 是当前已知的最小值
            if($arr[$p] > $arr[$j]) {
            //比较,发现更小的,记录下最小值的位置;并且在下次比较时采用已知的最小值进行比较。
                $p = $j;
            }
        }
        //已经确定了当前的最小值的位置,保存到$p中。如果发现最小值的位置与当前假设的位置$i不同,则位置互换即可。
        if($p != $i) {
            $tmp = $arr[$p];
            $arr[$p] = $arr[$i];
            $arr[$i] = $tmp;
        }
    }
    //返回最终结果
    return $arr;
}

3. Insertion sort

1. Principle

Always define the first element In order to be ordered, elements are inserted into the ordered arrangement one by one. Its characteristic is to continuously move the data, free up an appropriate position, and put the elements to be inserted into it.

2. Code:

/**
* 插入排序
* 功能:将索引数组(值也都为数字)按照【键=>值:最小键=>最小值】的顺序重新排列
* @param Array
* @return Array
*/
function insertSort($arr) {
    $len=count($arr); 
    for($i=1; $i<$len; $i++) {
        $tmp = $arr[$i];
        //内层循环控制,比较并插入
        for($j=$i-1;$j>=0;$j--) {
            if($tmp < $arr[$j]) {
                //发现插入的元素要小,交换位置,将后边的元素与前面的元素互换
                $arr[$j+1] = $arr[$j];
                $arr[$j] = $tmp;
            }
            else {
                //如果碰到不需要移动的元素,由于是已经排序好是数组,则前面的就不需要再次比较了。
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    return $arr;
}

4. Quick sort

/**
* 快速排序
* 功能:始终定义第一个元素为有序的,将元素逐个插入到有序排列之中,其特点是要不断的移动数据,空出一个适当的位置,把待插入的元素放到里面去。
* @param Array
* @return Array
*/
function quickSort($arr) {
    //先判断是否需要继续进行
    $length = count($arr);
    if($length <= 1) {
        return $arr;
    }
    //选择第一个元素作为基准
    $base_num = $arr[0];
    //遍历除了标尺外的所有元素,按照大小关系放入两个数组内
    //初始化两个数组
    $left_array = array();  //小于基准的
    $right_array = array();  //大于基准的
    for($i=1; $i<$length; $i++) {
        if($base_num > $arr[$i]) {
            //放入左边数组
            $left_array[] = $arr[$i];
        }
        else{
            //放入右边
            $right_array[] = $arr[$i];
        }
    }
    //再分别对左边和右边的数组进行相同的排序处理方式递归调用这个函数
    $left_array = quickSort($left_array);
    $right_array = quickSort($right_array);

    //合并
    return array_merge($left_array, array($base_num), $right_array);
}

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