函数嵌套,这个名字有点纠结,也许不太好理解。一个比较常见的函数嵌套特例:递归函数,即函数自己嵌套自己。 一直以为在PHP中不能有太多的函数嵌套,这是因为在以前某些时候不小心用到了递归,在递归的深度达到100时, 即函数嵌套的层数达到100时,程序会报一个 Fatal error。如下示例:
function rt() {
static $i;
echo $i++, '
';
rt();
}
rt();
die();
在我的win7 + php5.3的环境下报错如下: Fatal error:Maximum function nesting level of ‘100′ reached, aborting!
一直以为是PHP本身的限制,直到某一天切换到liunx环境下以命令行的模式运行,发现,程序限入了死循环。 不同的环境下有不同的结果,为什么呢?好吧,我们直接在源码中查找报错信息,发现没有相关内容,直接debug整个执行过程,也没有在win下的报错。 什么原因?再次切换到win下,再次查找,发现在xdebug中看到了报错信息。在xdebug.c文件的1242行开始:
XG(level)++;
if (XG(level) == XG(max_nesting_level)) {
php_error(E_ERROR, "Maximum function nesting level of '%ld' reached,
aborting!", XG(max_nesting_level));
}
这表示什么?之前的函数嵌套的层数限制是xdebug扩展加上的,为什么会有这个限制了呢?在xdebug中,xdebug中会记录每次函数调用, 包括嵌套的函数调用,函数调用中的内存,时间等值,这些值在分析程序性能时有大用。如果没有这个限制,当嵌套的层数太多,机器会内存耗尽。 如果这是一台生产环境的服务器,那么就会有部分服务不可用,当然生产环境下是不会添加这个扩展的。但是在多人共用的开发服务器上就可能有这个扩展, 如果因为一个开发人员的程序错误导致机器不可用,从而使所有的开发人员不能工作,我想这也许是添加限制的原因吧。
如果我们需要把这个限制的层数加大,怎么办呢?改源码,重新编译xdebug扩展?不需要,在xdebug的配置项中有一项叫做xdebug.max_nesting_level, 默认情况下,在php.ini中这个配置项是被注释了的,去掉注释,将这个值成你所需要的值,200?不够,那500吧,但是这个值还是不要太大, 如果递归太多,对程序的性能有很大的影响,此时,以栈的形式实现递归或者用循环替换递归会是一个更好的方案, 如:斐波那契数列(Fibonacci)的实现,用循环来实现会更快。
结论:PHP本身的函数嵌套是没有限制的,如果说有限制,也是内存的限制。这是因为PHP的函数嵌套是以栈的形式实现的。对于每个函数都会分配一段内存来存储函数局部的内容。

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The server session failure can be solved through the following steps: 1. Check the server configuration to ensure that the session is set correctly. 2. Verify client cookies, confirm that the browser supports it and send it correctly. 3. Check session storage services, such as Redis, to ensure that they are running normally. 4. Review the application code to ensure the correct session logic. Through these steps, conversation problems can be effectively diagnosed and repaired and user experience can be improved.

session_start()iscrucialinPHPformanagingusersessions.1)Itinitiatesanewsessionifnoneexists,2)resumesanexistingsession,and3)setsasessioncookieforcontinuityacrossrequests,enablingapplicationslikeuserauthenticationandpersonalizedcontent.


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