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Detailed analysis of PHP magic function performance code

黄舟Original: 2017-03-09 09:56:371413browse

I once remembered that Brother Laruence mentioned that it was not recommended to use "magic methods." Since then, whenever magic methods are used, I will subconsciously think about it, is this a good way to take pictures? Since I have been busy with work and learning new knowledge in the past one to two years, I have not done any in-depth exploration on this road and it has been in a daze. This year is a year for me to study in depth, so now I must do some research on this issue. The problem is settled. Let’s first take a look at what Bird Brother Laruence once mentioned on his blog:

When I share the PPT with my colleagues in the company, some people will question that the magic method is not allowed to be used?

Optimization suggestions are suggestions to prevent people from abusing and using them unscrupulously. If you can realize what is slow and what is fast when writing code, so as to avoid unnecessary calls to magic methods, then This is the effect pursued by this optimization suggestion.

Doubt

Is the performance of the magic method really poor?
Is there still a problem with the performance of using magic methods in PHP7?
How should we use magic methods reasonably?

Plan

Faced with my doubts, my plan is:

Statistical comparison between using the magic method and not using it The time difference between magic method script execution
Continuously execute the script n times under PHP5.6.26-1
The average/minimum statistical execution time Value/maximum value
Continuously execute the script n times under PHP7.0.12-2
Statistical average value/minimum value/maximum execution time Value

Currently my personal ability is limited and I can only use this method. If you have a better plan or suggestion, you can tell me, thank you, haha~

test

__construct

First let’s take a look at the experiment of the constructor function __construct. The php script is as follows:

<?php
/**
 * 魔术方法性能探索
 *
 * 构造函数
 *
 * @author TIGERB <http://www.php.cn/;
 */

require(&#39;./function.php&#39;);
if (!isset($argv[1])) {
    die(&#39;error: variable is_use_magic is empty&#39;);
}
$is_use_magic = $argv[1];

/**
 * 构造函数使用类名
 */
class ClassOne
{
    public function classOne()
    {
        # code...
    }
}

/**
 * 构造函数使用魔术函数__construct
 */
class ClassTwo
{
    public function __construct()
    {
        # code...
    }
}

$a = getmicrotime();
if ($is_use_magic === &#39;no_magic&#39;) {
    new ClassOne();
}else {
    new ClassTwo();
}
$b = getmicrotime();

echo  ($b-$a) . "\n";

PHP5.6 does not use magic method data As follows, the unit is microsecond μm

// PHP5.6中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 no_magic php5 construct

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__construct_no_magic_php5.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 34μm
max: 483μm
min: 26μm

PHP5.6 uses the magic method data as follows, the unit is microsecond μm

// PHP5.6中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 magic php5 construct

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__construct_magic_php5.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 28μm
max: 896μm
min: 20μm

PHP7.0 does not use the magic method. The data is as follows, the unit is microsecond μm

// PHP7.0中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 no_magic php construct

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__construct_no_magic_php.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 19μm
max: 819μm
min: 13μm

PHP7.0 uses the magic method. The data is as follows, the unit is Microseconds μm

// PHP7.0中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 magic php construct

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__construct_magic_php.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 14μm
max: 157μm
min: 10μm

From the above data we can see:

The average execution time of a script using __construct as the constructor is faster than using the class name As a constructor, is about 5 to 6 microseconds faster , whether in php5.6 or php7.0.

__call

Next, let’s take a look at the __call experiment. The php script is as follows:

<?php
/**
 * 魔术方法性能探索
 *
 * 构造函数
 *
 * @author TIGERB <http://www.php.cn/;
 */

require(&#39;./function.php&#39;);
if (!isset($argv[1])) {
    die(&#39;error: variable is_use_magic is empty&#39;);
}
$is_use_magic = $argv[1];

/**
 * 构造函数使用类名
 */
class ClassOne
{
    public function __construct()
    {
        # code...
    }

    public function test()
    {
        # code...
    }
}

/**
 * 构造函数使用魔术函数__construct
 */
class ClassTwo
{
    public function __construct()
    {
        # code...
    }

    public function __call($method, $argus)
    {
        # code...
    }
}

$a = getmicrotime();
if ($is_use_magic === &#39;no_magic&#39;) {
    $instance = new ClassOne();
    $instance->test();
}else {
    $instance = new ClassTwo();
    $instance->test();
}
$b = getmicrotime();

echo  ($b-$a) . "\n";

PHP5.6 does not use magic method data as follows , unit microsecond μm

// PHP5.6中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 no_magic php5 call

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__call_no_magic_php5.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 27μm
max: 206μm
min: 20μm

PHP5.6 uses magic method data as follows, unit microsecond μm

// PHP5.6中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 magic php5 call

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__call_magic_php5.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 29μm
max: 392μm
min: 22μm

PHP7.0 does not use the magic method. The data is as follows, in microseconds μm

// PHP7.0中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 no_magic php call

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__call_no_magic_php.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 16μm
max: 256μm
min: 10μm

PHP7.0 uses the magic method. The data is as follows, in microseconds. Seconds μm

// PHP7.0中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 magic php call

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__call_magic_php.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 18μm
max: 2459μm
min: 11μm

From the above data we can see:

The average execution time of a script using __call is slower than not using it, Approximately 2 microseconds slower, whether in php5.6 or php7.0.

__callStatic

Next, let’s take a look at the __callStatic experiment. The php script is as follows:

<?php
/**
 * 魔术方法性能探索
 *
 * 静态重载函数
 *
 * @author TIGERB <http://www.php.cn/;
 */

require(&#39;./function.php&#39;);
if (!isset($argv[1])) {
    die(&#39;error: variable is_use_magic is empty&#39;);
}
$is_use_magic = $argv[1];

/**
 * 存在test静态方法
 */
class ClassOne
{
    public function __construct()
    {
        # code...
    }

    public static function test()
    {
        # code...
    }
}

/**
 * 使用重载实现test
 */
class ClassTwo
{
    public function __construct()
    {
        # code...
    }

    public static function __callStatic($method, $argus)
    {
        # code...
    }
}

$a = getmicrotime();
if ($is_use_magic === &#39;no_magic&#39;) {
    ClassOne::test();
}else {
    ClassTwo::test();
}
$b = getmicrotime();

echo  ($b-$a) . "\n";

PHP5.6 does not use magic method data as follows , unit microsecond μm

// PHP5.6中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 no_magic php5 callStatic

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__callStatic_no_magic_php5.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 25μm
max: 129μm
min: 19μm

PHP5.6 uses magic method data as follows, unit microsecond μm

// PHP5.6中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 magic php5 callStatic

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__callStatic_magic_php5.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 28μm
max: 580μm
min: 20μm

PHP7.0 does not use the magic method. The data is as follows, in microseconds μm

// PHP7.0中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 no_magic php callStatic

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__callStatic_no_magic_php.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 14μm
max: 130μm
min: 9μm

PHP7.0 uses the magic method. The data is as follows, in microseconds. μm in seconds

// PHP7.0中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 magic php callStatic

// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__callStatic_magic_php.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 14μm
max: 159μm
min: 10μm

From the above data we can see:

The average execution time of scripts using __callStatic in php5.6 is slower than not using it , About 3 microseconds slower; The average execution time of a script using __callStatic in php7.0 is roughly equal to that without __callStatic;

__set

Next, let’s take a look at the __set experiment. The PHP script is as follows:

<?php
/**
 * 魔术方法性能探索
 *
 * 设置私有属性__set
 *
 * @author TIGERB <http://www.php.cn/;
 */

require(&#39;./function.php&#39;);
if (!isset($argv[1])) {
    die(&#39;error: variable is_use_magic is empty&#39;);
}
$is_use_magic = $argv[1];

/**
 * 实现公共方法设置私有属性
 */
class ClassOne
{
    /**
     * 私有属性
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $someVariable = &#39;private&#39;;

    public function __construct()
    {
        # code...
    }

    public function setSomeVariable($value = &#39;&#39;)
    {
        $this->someVariable = $value;
    }
}

/**
 * 使用_set设置私有属性
 */
class ClassTwo
{
    /**
     * 私有属性
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $someVariable = &#39;private&#39;;

    public function __construct()
    {
        # code...
    }

    public function __set($name = &#39;&#39;, $value = &#39;&#39;)
    {
        $this->$name = $value;
    }
}

$a = getmicrotime();
if ($is_use_magic === &#39;no_magic&#39;) {
    $instance = new ClassOne();
    $instance->setSomeVariable(&#39;public&#39;);
}else {
    $instance = new ClassTwo();
    $instance->someVariable = &#39;public&#39;;
}
$b = getmicrotime();

echo  ($b-$a) . "\n";

PHP5.6 does not use the magic method. The data is as follows, in microseconds μm

// PHP5.6中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 no_magic php5 set
// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__set_no_magic_php5.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 31μm
max: 110μm
min: 24μm

PHP5.6 uses the magic method. The data is as follows, in microseconds μm

// PHP5.6中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 magic php5 set
// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__set_magic_php5.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 33μm
max: 138μm
min: 25μm

PHP7.0 does not use the magic method. The data is as follows, the unit is microsecond μm

// PHP7.0中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 no_magic php set
// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__set_no_magic_php.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 15μm
max: 441μm
min: 11μm

PHP7.0 uses the magic method The data is as follows, the unit is microsecond μm

// PHP7.0中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 magic php set
// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__set_magic_php.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 17μm
max: 120μm
min: 11μm

We can see from the above data:

The average execution time of scripts using __set is slower than not using it, about 2 microseconds slower, regardless of whether it is in php5. 6 or php7.0.

__get

Next, let’s take a look at the __get experiment. The php script is as follows:

<?php
/**
 * 魔术方法性能探索
 *
 * 读取私有属性__get
 *
 * @author TIGERB <http://www.php.cn/;
 */

require(&#39;./function.php&#39;);
if (!isset($argv[1])) {
    die(&#39;error: variable is_use_magic is empty&#39;);
}
$is_use_magic = $argv[1];

/**
 * 实现公共方法获取私有属性
 */
class ClassOne
{
    /**
     * 私有属性
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $someVariable = &#39;private&#39;;

    public function __construct()
    {
        # code...
    }

    public function getSomeVariable()
    {
        return $this->someVariable;
    }
}

/**
 * 使用_get获取私有属性
 */
class ClassTwo
{
    /**
     * 私有属性
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $someVariable = &#39;private&#39;;

    public function __construct()
    {
        # code...
    }

    public function __get($name = &#39;&#39;)
    {
        return $this->$name;
    }
}

$a = getmicrotime();
if ($is_use_magic === &#39;no_magic&#39;) {
    $instance = new ClassOne();
    $instance->getSomeVariable();
}else {
    $instance = new ClassTwo();
    $instance->someVariable;
}
$b = getmicrotime();

echo  ($b-$a) . "\n";

PHP5.6不使用魔术方法数据如下，单位微秒μm

// PHP5.6中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 no_magic php5 get
// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__get_no_magic_php5.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 28μm
max: 590μm
min: 20μm

PHP5.6使用魔术方法数据如下，单位微秒μm

// PHP5.6中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 magic php5 get
// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__get_magic_php5.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 28μm
max: 211μm
min: 22μm

PHP7.0不使用魔术方法数据如下，单位微秒μm

// PHP7.0中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 no_magic php get
// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__get_no_magic_php.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 16μm
max: 295μm
min: 10μm

PHP7.0使用魔术方法数据如下，单位微秒μm

// PHP7.0中连续调用脚本10000次
sh test 10000 magic php get
// 运行数据统计脚本
sh analysis ./logs/__get_magic_php.log 10000

// 结果
avg: 19μm
max: 525μm
min: 12μm

通过上面的数据我们可以看出：

在php5.6中使用__get的脚本执行的平均时间是要大致等于不使用__get的;在php7.0中使用__get的脚本执行的平均时间是要慢于不使用， 大概慢3微秒 。

结语

这里主要测试了__construct()， __call()， __callStatic()， __get()， __set()这五个常用的且可有其他实现方式代替的魔法函数。通过上面的测试再回来解答我的疑惑

魔术方法真的性能比较差吗？

答：除了使用__construct之外，这里使用其他的魔法方法的时间大致慢10微妙以内。

PHP7里使用魔术方法的性能还是存在问题吗？

答：在PHP7中使用与不使用魔术方法之间的差异和在PHP5.6中近乎一致。

我们应该如何合理的使用魔术方法？

答：通过整个测试我们可以看出使不使用魔法方法这之间的执行时间差异大致都是在10微妙以内的，所以如果魔法方法可以很好的节省我们的开发成本和优化我们的代码结构，我们应该可以考虑牺牲掉这不到10微妙。而__construct是要快的，所以使用__construct应该没什么异议。

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Detailed analysis of PHP magic function performance code

Doubt

Plan

test

__construct

__call

__callStatic

__set

__get

结语

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