Detailed introduction of HTML5 component Canvas to implement graphic and text code of electronic clock

Basic idea:

First draw a rectangular background and set the color to gray. Draw a simple rectangular outer border on the background, then draw an inner border, and then load the selected image as the background image inside the electronic clock. Then start drawing the clock scale,

draw the minute scale, and finally get the current system time and draw three handles for hours, minutes and seconds.

Technical points:

Use HTML5's Canvas 2D drawing object, mainly using the context.save() and context.restore() methods to save

Drawing state and resetting the drawing state, use the Transform and fillRect() methods to draw the clock and minute scale. Use the

drawImage() method to draw the background image, and use the setTimeout() method to refresh the time display.

Detailed code explanation:

The code to obtain the HTML5 Canvas drawing object is as follows:

var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas1");
ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, 500, 500);

The code for drawing the clock scale is as follows:

		    var sin = Math.sin(Math.PI/6);  
		    var cos = Math.cos(Math.PI/6); 
		    ctx.translate(245, 245);
		    for (var i=0; i <= 12; i++) {  
		    	// top
				ctx.fillRect(160,-7.5,30,10);
				ctx.strokeRect(160,-7.5,30,10);
				ctx.transform(cos, sin, -sin, cos, 0, 0);  	
		    }

The code for drawing the minute and minute scale is as follows:

		    var sin = Math.sin(Math.PI/30);  
		    var cos = Math.cos(Math.PI/30); 
		    for (var i=0; i <= 60; i++) {  
				ctx.fillRect(170,-5,10,2);
				ctx.transform(cos, sin, -sin, cos, 0, 0); 	
		    }

The saving status code is as follows:

ctx.translate(245, 245);
ctx.save();

The code to restore the drawing state is as follows:

ctx.restore();

The running effect is as follows:

The complete source code of the program is as follows:

<script>
	window.onload = function() {
		clockHand();
	};
	
	function clockHand() {
		var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas1");
		ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
		ctx.clearRect(0, 0, 500, 500);
		
		// create background rectangle
		// ctx.lineWidth = 10;  
		ctx.fillStyle = "gray";
		ctx.fillRect(0,0,500,500);
		
		// draw frame
		ctx.lineWidth = 10;  
		ctx.strokeStyle = "green";
		ctx.strokeRect(0,0,500,500);
		
		// draw author infomation
		ctx.fillStyle = "blue";
		ctx.font = "20px Times New Roman";
		ctx.fillText("-created by gloomyfish", 150, 30);
		
		// draw inner rectangle
		ctx.lineWidth = 10;  
		ctx.strokeStyle = "black";
		ctx.strokeRect(45,45,400,400);
		
		// create background image
		var img=new Image();
		img.src="background.png";
		img.onload = function() { 
		    ctx.drawImage(img,45,45,400,400);
		    ctx.save();
			// draw marker unit
			ctx.lineWidth = 2;
		    ctx.fillStyle = "purple";
		    ctx.strokeStyle = "black";
		    var sin = Math.sin(Math.PI/6);  
		    var cos = Math.cos(Math.PI/6); 
		    ctx.translate(245, 245);
		    for (var i=0; i &lt;= 12; i++) {  
		    	// top
				ctx.fillRect(160,-7.5,30,10);
				ctx.strokeRect(160,-7.5,30,10);
				ctx.transform(cos, sin, -sin, cos, 0, 0);  	
		    }
		    
		    // transform back center point
		    
		    // ctx.translate(245, 245);
		    var sin = Math.sin(Math.PI/30);  
		    var cos = Math.cos(Math.PI/30); 
		    for (var i=0; i &lt;= 60; i++) {  
				ctx.fillRect(170,-5,10,2);
				ctx.transform(cos, sin, -sin, cos, 0, 0); 	
		    }
		    ctx.restore();
		    // top
			ctx.fillText("12", 233,100);
			
			// bottom
			ctx.fillText("6", 240,400);
			
			// left
			ctx.fillText("9", 90,252);
			
			// right
			ctx.fillText("3", 395,250);
			
			// get time
			ctx.save();
			ctx.translate(245, 245);
			ctx.save();
			
			// dynamic show time
			var now=new Date();
			var hrs=now.getHours();
			var min=now.getMinutes();
			var sec=now.getSeconds();

			//Draw hour hand
			ctx.rotate(Math.PI/6*(hrs+(min/60)+(sec/3600)));
			ctx.beginPath();
			ctx.moveTo(0,10);
			ctx.lineTo(0,-60);
			ctx.stroke();
			ctx.restore();
			ctx.save();
			
			//Draw minute hand
			ctx.rotate(Math.PI/30*(min+(sec/60)));
			ctx.beginPath();
			ctx.moveTo(0,20);
			ctx.lineTo(0,-110);
			ctx.stroke();
			ctx.restore();
			ctx.save();
			
			//Draw second hand
			ctx.rotate(Math.PI/30*sec);
			ctx.strokeStyle="#E33";
			ctx.lineWidth = 2;
			ctx.beginPath();
			ctx.moveTo(0,20);
			ctx.lineTo(0,-110);
			ctx.stroke();
			ctx.restore();
			
			// finally store to originall point
			ctx.restore();
			setTimeout(clockHand,1000);
		};
	}
</script>


	electronic clock

Disadvantages:

It is not good to refresh and load the image object every time OK, I tested it in Google browser. It is recommended to run the above code in

google browser.

The above is the detailed introduction of the graphic and text code of the HTML5 component Canvas to implement the electronic clock. For more related content, please pay attention to the PHP Chinese website (www.php.cn)!