Home > Article > Backend Development > The whole process of creating a virtual independent Python environment under Ubuntu
Preface
Virtual environment is an independent execution environment when the program is executed. Different virtual environments can be created on the same server for use by different systems. The running environments between projects remain independent and mutually exclusive. Affected. For example, project B can run in a Python2.7-based environment, while project B can run in a Python3.x-based environment. Manage virtual environments in Python through the virtualenv tool.
In addition, it is highly recommended to install a virtual environment to manage your Python environment on win or mac. The virtual environment can bring you many benefits. For example, on Mac, the built-in Python environment is 2.7. The most suitable version for our Django development is 3.4+. In this case, you have to go to Google to uninstall or switch to the Python3.4 environment, which is still troublesome. Once we have a virtual environment, we can install different versions of the modules or packages we need in an independent environment, which will bring great convenience.
Install
Execute the following command to install in the Linux system:
$ sudo pip install virtualenv
Execute the following command to install in Ubuntu and its derivative systems:
$ sudo apt-get install python-virtualenv
Create
After successful installation, execute the following command to create a virtual environment named myvenv:
$ virtualenv myvenv
The prompts are as follows :
allen@ubuntu:~$ virtualenv myvenv Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python2 New python executable in myvenv/bin/python2 Also creating executable in myvenv/bin/python Installing setuptools, pip...done.
Activate
source kvenv/bin/activate
The specific process is as follows. You can see that we are viewing the Python version in the current environment, and it is displayed in the virtual environment. Under myvenv:
allen@ubuntu:~$ source myvenv/bin/activate (myvenv)allen@ubuntu:~$ which python /home/allen/myvenv/bin/python
Of course, you can exit the current virtual environment with the following command:
deactivate
Pip
After activation After the virtual environment, you can use any Pip in this environment:
pip install Pillow
Virtualenvwrapper
It is a virtual environment expansion package, used to manage virtual environments, as shown in the list All virtual environments, deleted, etc.
1. Installation:
#安装virtualenv (sudo) pip install virtualenv #安装virtualenvwrapper (sudo) pip install virtualenvwrapper
2. Configuration:
Modify ~/.bash_profile or other environment variable related files (such as .bashrc (I This is the one under Ubuntu15.10) or use .zshrc after ZSH), add the following statement:
export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs export PROJECT_HOME=$HOME/workspace source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
Then run:
source ~/.bash_profile
3. Usage:
mkvirtualenv zqxt: Create a running environment zqxt
workon zqxt: Work in the zqxt environment or switch to the zqxt environment from other environments
deactivate: Exit the terminal environment
Others:
rmvirtualenv ENV: Delete the running environment ENV
mkproject mic: Create the mic project and running environment mic
mktmpenv: Create a temporary running environment
lsvirtualenv: List available running environments
lssitepackages: List packages installed in the current environment
The environments created are independent, do not interfere with each other, and do not require sudo permissions You can use pip to manage packages.
Summary
The above is the entire content of this article. I hope the content of this article can bring some help to everyone's study or work. If you have any questions, you can leave a message to communicate.
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