


Function processing and variable processing of PHP variables and type expansion
函数处理相关函数:
call_user_func_array — Call a callback with an array of parameters
call_user_func — Call the callback given by the first parameter
create_function — Create an anonymous (lambda-style) function
forward_static_call_array — Call a static method and pass the arguments as array
forward_static_call — Call a static method
func_get_arg — Return an item from the argument list
func_get_args — Returns an array comprising a function's argument list
func_num_args — Returns the number of arguments passed to the function
function_exists — Return TRUE if the given function has been defined
get_defined_functions — Returns an array of all defined functions
register_shutdown_function — Register a function for execution on shutdown
register_tick_function — Register a function for execution on each tick
unregister_tick_function — De-register a function for execution on each tick
变量处理相关函数:
boolval — Get the boolean value of a variable
debug_zval_dump — Dumps a string representation of an internal zend value to output
doubleval — floatval 的别名
empty — 检查一个变量是否为空
floatval — 获取变量的浮点值
get_defined_vars — 返回由所有已定义变量所组成的数组
get_resource_type — 返回资源(resource)类型
gettype — 获取变量的类型
import_request_variables — 将 GET/POST/Cookie 变量导入到全局作用域中
intval — 获取变量的整数值
is_array — 检测变量是否是数组
is_bool — 检测变量是否是布尔型
is_callable — 检测参数是否为合法的可调用结构
is_double — is_float 的别名
is_float — 检测变量是否是浮点型
is_int — 检测变量是否是整数
is_integer — is_int 的别名
is_long — is_int 的别名
is_null — 检测变量是否为 NULL
is_numeric — 检测变量是否为数字或数字字符串
is_object — 检测变量是否是一个对象
is_real — is_float 的别名
is_resource — 检测变量是否为资源类型
is_scalar — 检测变量是否是一个标量
is_string — 检测变量是否是字符串
isset — 检测变量是否设置
print_r — 打印关于变量的易于理解的信息。
serialize — 产生一个可存储的值的表示
settype — 设置变量的类型
strval — 获取变量的字符串值
unserialize — 从已存储的表示中创建 PHP 的值
unset — 释放给定的变量
var_dump — 打印变量的相关信息
var_export — 输出或返回一个变量的字符串表示

PHPsessionscanstorestrings,numbers,arrays,andobjects.1.Strings:textdatalikeusernames.2.Numbers:integersorfloatsforcounters.3.Arrays:listslikeshoppingcarts.4.Objects:complexstructuresthatareserialized.

TostartaPHPsession,usesession_start()atthescript'sbeginning.1)Placeitbeforeanyoutputtosetthesessioncookie.2)Usesessionsforuserdatalikeloginstatusorshoppingcarts.3)RegeneratesessionIDstopreventfixationattacks.4)Considerusingadatabaseforsessionstoragei

Session regeneration refers to generating a new session ID and invalidating the old ID when the user performs sensitive operations in case of session fixed attacks. The implementation steps include: 1. Detect sensitive operations, 2. Generate new session ID, 3. Destroy old session ID, 4. Update user-side session information.

PHP sessions have a significant impact on application performance. Optimization methods include: 1. Use a database to store session data to improve response speed; 2. Reduce the use of session data and only store necessary information; 3. Use a non-blocking session processor to improve concurrency capabilities; 4. Adjust the session expiration time to balance user experience and server burden; 5. Use persistent sessions to reduce the number of data read and write times.

PHPsessionsareserver-side,whilecookiesareclient-side.1)Sessionsstoredataontheserver,aremoresecure,andhandlelargerdata.2)Cookiesstoredataontheclient,arelesssecure,andlimitedinsize.Usesessionsforsensitivedataandcookiesfornon-sensitive,client-sidedata.

PHPidentifiesauser'ssessionusingsessioncookiesandsessionIDs.1)Whensession_start()iscalled,PHPgeneratesauniquesessionIDstoredinacookienamedPHPSESSIDontheuser'sbrowser.2)ThisIDallowsPHPtoretrievesessiondatafromtheserver.

The security of PHP sessions can be achieved through the following measures: 1. Use session_regenerate_id() to regenerate the session ID when the user logs in or is an important operation. 2. Encrypt the transmission session ID through the HTTPS protocol. 3. Use session_save_path() to specify the secure directory to store session data and set permissions correctly.

PHPsessionfilesarestoredinthedirectoryspecifiedbysession.save_path,typically/tmponUnix-likesystemsorC:\Windows\TemponWindows.Tocustomizethis:1)Usesession_save_path()tosetacustomdirectory,ensuringit'swritable;2)Verifythecustomdirectoryexistsandiswrita


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