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HomeWeb Front-endHTML Tutorial第 5 章 分组元素_html/css_WEB-ITnose

学习要点:

1.分组元素总汇

2.分组元素解析

主讲教师:李炎恢

 

本章主要探讨 HTML5 中分组元素的用法。所谓分组,就是用来组织相关内容的 HTML5 元素,清晰有效的进行归类。

一.分组元素总汇为了页面的排版需要,HTML5 提供了几种语义的分组元素。

元素名称

说明

p

表示段落

div

一个没有任何语义的通用元素,和 span 是对应元素

blockquote

表示引自他出的大段内容

pre

表示其格式应被保留的内容

hr

表示段落级别的主题转换,即水平线

ul,ol

表示无序列表,有序列表

li

用于 ul,ol 元素中的列表项

dl,dt,dd

表示包含一系列术语和定义说明的列表。dt 在 dl 内部表示术语,一般充当标题;dd 在 dl 内部表示定义,一般是内容。

figure

表示图片

figcaption

表示 figure 元素的标题

 

二.分组元素解析

1.

建立段落

<p>    这是一个段落</p><p>    这也是一个段落</p>

解释:

元素实际作用就是将内部包含的文本形成一个段落;而段落和段落之间保持一定量的空隙。

 

2.

通用分组

<div>    这是一个通用分组</div><div>    这是又一个通用分组</div>

解释:

元素在早期的版本中非常常用,通过
这种一般性分组元素进行布局。

而在 HTML5 中,由于语义的缘故,被其他各种文档元素所代替。和

段落的区别就是,两段文本的上下空隙是没有的,空隙间隔和
换行一样。

 

3.

引用大段他出内容

<blockquote>    这是一个大段引自他出内容</blockquote><blockquote>    这是另一个大段引自他出内容</blockquote>

解释:

元素实际作用除了和

元素一样,有段落空隙的功能,还包含了首尾缩进的功能。语义上表示,大段的引用他出的内容。

 

4.

展现格式化内容     <p class="sycode">           <pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">    #####            #####                #####            #####        #####

解释:

元素实际作用就是编辑器怎么排版的,原封不动的展现出来。当然,这种只适合简单的排版,复杂的排版就无法满足要求了。     <p> </p>     <p>5.</p><hr>添加分隔     <p class="sycode">           <pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><hr>

解释:


元素实际作用就是添加一条分割线,意图呈现上下文主题的分割。

 

6.

  • 添加无序列表

    <ul>    <li>        张三    </li>    <li>        李四    </li>    <li>        王五    </li>    <li>        马六    </li></ul>

    解释:

      元素表示无序列表,而
    • 元素则是内部的列表项。

       

      7.

      1. 添加有序列表

        <ol>    <li>        张三    </li>    <li>        李四    </li>    <li>        王五    </li>    <li>        马六    </li></ol>

        解释:

          元素表示有序列表,而
        1. 元素则是内部的列表项。
            元素目前支持三种属性

             

            ol 元素属性

            属性名称

            说明

            start

            从第几个序列开始统计:

              reversed

              是否倒序排列:

                ,一半主流浏览器不支持

              type

              表示列表的编号类型,值分别为:1、a、A、i、I

               

              li 元素属性

              属性名称

              说明

              value

              强行设置某个项目的编号。

              <li value="7">王五</li>

               

              8.

              生成说明列表

              <dl>    <dt>        这是一份文件    </dt>    <dd>        这里是这份文件的详细内容 1    </dd>    <dd>        这里是这份文件的详细内容 2    </dd></dl>

              解释:这三个元素是一个整体,但

              并非都必须出现。

               

              9.

              使用插图 

              <figure>    <figcaption>        这是一张图    </figcaption>    <img  src="/static/imghwm/default1.png"  data-src="img.png"  class="lazy" alt="第 5 章 分组元素_html/css_WEB-ITnose" ></figure>

              解释:这两个元素一般用于图片的布局。

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