search

 一、json_encode()

  该函数主要用来将数组和对象,转换为json格式。先看一个数组转换的例子:

$arr = array ('a'=>1,'b'=>2,'c'=>3,'d'=>4,'e'=>5);

echo json_encode($arr);

  结果为

{"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5}

  再看一个对象转换的例子:

$obj->body = 'another post';

$obj->id = 21;

$obj->approved = true;

$obj->favorite_count = 1;

$obj->status = NULL;

echo json_encode($obj);

  结果为

{
    "body":"another post",

"id":21,

"approved":true,

"favorite_count":1,

"status":null
  }

  由于json只接受utf-8编码的字符,所以json_encode()的参数必须是utf-8编码,否则会得到空字符或者null。当中文使用GB2312编码,或者外文使用ISO-8859-1编码的时候,这一点要特别注意。

  二、索引数组和关联数组

  PHP支持两种数组,一种是只保存"值"(value)的索引数组(indexed array),另一种是保存"名值对"(name/value)的关联数组(associative array)。

  由于javascript不支持关联数组,所以json_encode()只将索引数组(indexed array)转为数组格式,而将关联数组(associative array)转为对象格式。

  比如,现在有一个索引数组

$arr = Array('one', 'two', 'three');

echo json_encode($arr);

  结果为:

["one","two","three"]

  如果将它改为关联数组:

$arr = Array('1'=>'one', '2'=>'two', '3'=>'three');

echo json_encode($arr);

  结果就变了:

{"1":"one","2":"two","3":"three"}

  注意,数据格式从"[]"(数组)变成了"{}"(对象)。

  如果你需要将"索引数组"强制转化成"对象",可以这样写

json_encode( (object)$arr );

  或者

json_encode ( $arr, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT );

  三、类(class)的转换

  下面是一个PHP的类:

class Foo {

const ERROR_CODE = '404';

public $public_ex = 'this is public';

private $private_ex = 'this is private!';

protected $protected_ex = 'this should be protected';

public function getErrorCode() {

return self::ERROR_CODE;

}

}

  现在,对这个类的实例进行json转换:

$foo = new Foo;

$foo_json = json_encode($foo);

echo $foo_json;

  输出结果是

{"public_ex":"this is public"}

  可以看到,除了公开变量(public),其他东西(常量、私有变量、方法等等)都遗失了。

  四、json_decode()

  该函数用于将json文本转换为相应的PHP数据结构。下面是一个例子:

$json = '{"foo": 12345}';

$obj = json_decode($json);

print $obj->{'foo'}; // 12345

  通常情况下,json_decode()总是返回一个PHP对象,而不是数组。比如:

$json = '{"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5}';

var_dump(json_decode($json));

  结果就是生成一个PHP对象:

object(stdClass)#1 (5) {

["a"] => int(1)
    ["b"] => int(2)
    ["c"] => int(3)
    ["d"] => int(4)
    ["e"] => int(5)

}

  如果想要强制生成PHP关联数组,json_decode()需要加一个参数true:

$json = '{"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5}';

var_dump(json_decode($json),true);

  结果就生成了一个关联数组:

array(5) {

["a"] => int(1)
     ["b"] => int(2)
     ["c"] => int(3)
     ["d"] => int(4)
     ["e"] => int(5)

}

  五、json_decode()的常见错误

  下面三种json写法都是错的,你能看出错在哪里吗?

$bad_json = "{ 'bar': 'baz' }";

$bad_json = '{ bar: "baz" }';

$bad_json = '{ "bar": "baz", }';

  对这三个字符串执行json_decode()都将返回null,并且报错。

  第一个的错误是,json的分隔符(delimiter)只允许使用双引号,不能使用单引号。第二个的错误是,json名值对的"名"(冒号左边的部分),任何情况下都必须使用双引号。第三个的错误是,最后一个值之后不能添加逗号(trailing comma)。

  另外,json只能用来表示对象(object)和数组(array),如果对一个字符串或数值使用json_decode(),将会返回null。

var_dump(json_decode("Hello World")); //null

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
PHP's Purpose: Building Dynamic WebsitesPHP's Purpose: Building Dynamic WebsitesApr 15, 2025 am 12:18 AM

PHP is used to build dynamic websites, and its core functions include: 1. Generate dynamic content and generate web pages in real time by connecting with the database; 2. Process user interaction and form submissions, verify inputs and respond to operations; 3. Manage sessions and user authentication to provide a personalized experience; 4. Optimize performance and follow best practices to improve website efficiency and security.

PHP: Handling Databases and Server-Side LogicPHP: Handling Databases and Server-Side LogicApr 15, 2025 am 12:15 AM

PHP uses MySQLi and PDO extensions to interact in database operations and server-side logic processing, and processes server-side logic through functions such as session management. 1) Use MySQLi or PDO to connect to the database and execute SQL queries. 2) Handle HTTP requests and user status through session management and other functions. 3) Use transactions to ensure the atomicity of database operations. 4) Prevent SQL injection, use exception handling and closing connections for debugging. 5) Optimize performance through indexing and cache, write highly readable code and perform error handling.

How do you prevent SQL Injection in PHP? (Prepared statements, PDO)How do you prevent SQL Injection in PHP? (Prepared statements, PDO)Apr 15, 2025 am 12:15 AM

Using preprocessing statements and PDO in PHP can effectively prevent SQL injection attacks. 1) Use PDO to connect to the database and set the error mode. 2) Create preprocessing statements through the prepare method and pass data using placeholders and execute methods. 3) Process query results and ensure the security and performance of the code.

PHP and Python: Code Examples and ComparisonPHP and Python: Code Examples and ComparisonApr 15, 2025 am 12:07 AM

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1.PHP is suitable for rapid development and maintenance of large-scale web applications. 2. Python dominates the field of data science and machine learning.

PHP in Action: Real-World Examples and ApplicationsPHP in Action: Real-World Examples and ApplicationsApr 14, 2025 am 12:19 AM

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

PHP: Creating Interactive Web Content with EasePHP: Creating Interactive Web Content with EaseApr 14, 2025 am 12:15 AM

PHP makes it easy to create interactive web content. 1) Dynamically generate content by embedding HTML and display it in real time based on user input or database data. 2) Process form submission and generate dynamic output to ensure that htmlspecialchars is used to prevent XSS. 3) Use MySQL to create a user registration system, and use password_hash and preprocessing statements to enhance security. Mastering these techniques will improve the efficiency of web development.

PHP and Python: Comparing Two Popular Programming LanguagesPHP and Python: Comparing Two Popular Programming LanguagesApr 14, 2025 am 12:13 AM

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

The Enduring Relevance of PHP: Is It Still Alive?The Enduring Relevance of PHP: Is It Still Alive?Apr 14, 2025 am 12:12 AM

PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
4 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
4 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
4 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
WWE 2K25: How To Unlock Everything In MyRise
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

MantisBT

MantisBT

Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

PhpStorm Mac version

PhpStorm Mac version

The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

WebStorm Mac version

WebStorm Mac version

Useful JavaScript development tools

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

Powerful PHP integrated development environment