原文:Disable Text Selection with CSS
有些时候我们需要禁止网页的部分文本不能被选择。你可以使用user-select这个CSS特性来实现这个需求。
举例
下面是一个使用了disable-selection类的样式规则,当它作用于一个HTML元素的时候,它会让我们不能够选择这个元素。
.disable-selection{ -moz-user-select:none; /* Firefox */ -ms-user-select:none; /* Internet Explorer */ -ktml-user-select:none; /* KHTML浏览器(比如:Konqueror) */ -webkit-user-select:none; /* Chrome,Safari,and Opera */ -webkit-touch-callout:none; /* Disable Android and IOS callout */}
关于这些样式的一些细节的解释:
-webkit-user-select是给Chrome,Safari和Opera用的(并不需要使用-o-user-select)。
没有前缀的user-select是被故意略去的。
-webkit-touch-callout属性可以让在移动设备上的触摸后弹出失效。就像下面的这些,我们可以让它们不能出现。
演示
查看演示
要时常记住的
有一个陷阱就是:user-select并不是W3C规范中标准的CSS特性。尽管user-select通过添加浏览器前缀有很好的浏览器支持。
前面的例子中,我没有使用没有前缀的user-select特性声明。那是因为在web标准中根本就没有这个属性。我们可以对它的使用类比于于IE专有的CSS属性ms-filter或者-ms-text-kashida-space的属性的使用。
其他需要注意的地方:
user-select是有问题并且是不稳定的。有些时候你依然还是可以选择文本,特别是当你从没有被屏蔽掉文本选择的文本的那部分开始选择。
使用全选快捷键有些时候还是会把屏蔽文本选择(Win:Ctrl+A/Mac:Cmd+A)。这种情况你可以在IE11中清楚的了解到。
这不是一种万全的保证文本不被选择的策略。CSS能够很容易被屏蔽。这种技巧依赖于非标准的CSS特性,这意味着未来对这个属性的可持续支持上面存在着很大的不确定性。
屏蔽掉文本选择是很恼人的。我会在渐进提升的过程中使用这个技巧:只有当它可以提高使用支持这个user-select特性的浏览器和设备的用户的用户体验的时候才使用它。但是,我绝不会把它设置成一个大范围的CSS选择器像全部选择器(*)或者body.
这个user-select特性可能会让你的样式表失效。如果遵循标准对你来说非常重要,使用这个属性会在你使用规范测试比如说CSS Validation Service的使用出现问题
浏览器支持
更新于:2015年3月
浏览器 | 版本支持(以上) |
---|---|
Chrome | 6 |
Firefox | 2 |
IE | 10 |
Safari | 3.1 |
移动端
浏览器 | 版本支持(以上) |
---|---|
Chrome(Android) | 2.1 |
Safari(IOS) | 3.2 |

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