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HomeWeb Front-endHTML TutorialCSS学习笔记-图片img与父元素div之间的间隙解决_html/css_WEB-ITnose

前言

之前在写网页的时候有一个展示图片的需求,我使用一个div包裹一个img,但是在浏览器中预览的时候碰到了一下的问题,

仔细看,图片和div之间有间隙。
下面贴上简易的代码

<div class="content">        <img  src="/static/imghwm/default1.png"  data-src="./img/user.jpg"  class="lazy" alt="CSS学习笔记-图片img与父元素div之间的间隙解决_html/css_WEB-ITnose" ></div>
.content{    float:left;    margin:100px auto;     background:pink;}

我外层容器content设置浮动,按浮动元素会收缩的原理,本不应该出现这条粉色的间隙,但为什么这里会有呢?之后去网上查了一下,其中涉及到了line-height以及vertical-align的问题。

正文
  • vertical-align

vertical-align 指定了行内(inline)元素或表格单元格(table-cell)元素的垂直对齐方式(摘录自MDN)。

vertical-align的取值中有top、middle、baseline、bottom四个值,他们分别对应了

vertical-align中默认值是baseline也就是说图片的下边缘其实是和蓝色那条线对齐的,而文字元素本身也有高度,所以会多出那么一部分空白的地方,也就是底部绿色线到蓝色线之间的距离。

那么为什么在没有文字的情况下图片也会有底部的间隙,那是因为在HTML5文档声明下,块状元素内部的内联元素的行为表现,就好像块状元素内部还有一个(更有可能两个-前后)看不见摸不着没有宽度没有实体的空白节点(摘录自张鑫旭的博客),所以默认vertical-align为baseline的图片会和父div之间存在空隙。

知道这一点,现在问题就好解决了,最直接的可以是

设置img标签的vertical-align
img{    vertical-align:bottom;//middle和top也都可以}
设置img标签display:block

前面正文的开头说过vertical-align是设置行内(inline)元素或表格单元格(table-cell)元素的垂直对齐方式,所以设置img为块级元素时就不会存在baseline对齐的问题了。

img{    display:block}
设置父元素div字体大小为0
.content{    float:left;    margin:100px auto;     background:pink;    font-size:0px;}

The used value is this unitless [
](https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/CSS/number) multiplied by the element's font size. The computed value is the same as the specified 
. In most cases this is the preferred way to set line-height
with no unexpected results in case of inheritance. 
**所用的值是无单位数值[
](https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/CSS/number)乘以元素的font size。计算出来的值与使用数值指定的一样。大多数情况下,使用这种方法设置line-height是首选方法,在继承情况下不会有异常的值。** (摘录自MDN)

line-height在不设置单位时是通过与font-size相乘来计算的,设置font-size为0,line-height也为0,而那一端多余的间隙(baseline和bottom之间的差值)也和line-height有关,所以自然而然间隙就消除了。

结尾

这是我解决img与父div空隙中的一点总结,其实深挖了line-height和vertical-align还有更多的内容,我一下子消化不过来,今天先到这里,日后有更深入了解了再慢慢补充,以上内容有错误的地方欢迎小伙伴们来拍砖。

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