Python的交互式命令行可通过启动文件来配置。
当Python启动时,会查找环境变量PYTHONSTARTUP,并且执行该变量中所指定文件里的程序代码。该指定文件名称以及地址可以是随意的。按Tab键时会自动补全内容和命令历史。这对命令行的有效增强,而这些工具则是基于readline模块实现的(这需要readline程序库辅助实现)。
此处为大家举一个简单的启动脚本文件例子,它为python命令行添加了按键自动补全内容和历史命令功能。
[python@python ~]$ cat .pythonstartup import readline import rlcompleter import atexit import os #tab completion readline.parse_and_bind('tab: complete') #history file histfile = os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'], '.pythonhistory') try: readline.read_history_file(histfile) except IOError: pass atexit.register(readline.write_history_file,histfile) del os,histfile,readline,rlcompleter
设置环境变量
[python@python ~]$ cat .bash_profile|grep PYTHON export PYTHONSTARTUP=/home/python/.pythonstartup
验证Tab键补全和历史命令查看。
[python@python ~]$ python Python 2.7.5 (default, Oct 6 2013, 10:45:13) [GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-44)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import md5 >>> md5. md5.__class__( md5.__getattribute__( md5.__reduce__( md5.__subclasshook__( md5.__delattr__( md5.__hash__( md5.__reduce_ex__( md5.blocksize md5.__dict__ md5.__init__( md5.__repr__( md5.digest_size md5.__doc__ md5.__name__ md5.__setattr__( md5.md5( md5.__file__ md5.__new__( md5.__sizeof__( md5.new( md5.__format__( md5.__package__ md5.__str__( md5.warnings >>> import os >>> import md5
注意:如果在make的时候出现:
Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found: _tkinter gdbm readline sunaudiodev
如果对此忽略了的话,import readline会报错。表示没有指定模块!
这里是缺少指定包:
redhat: readline-devel.xxx.rpm
安装上重新编译执行,问题即可得到解决。

Python is an interpreted language, but it also includes the compilation process. 1) Python code is first compiled into bytecode. 2) Bytecode is interpreted and executed by Python virtual machine. 3) This hybrid mechanism makes Python both flexible and efficient, but not as fast as a fully compiled language.

Useaforloopwheniteratingoverasequenceorforaspecificnumberoftimes;useawhileloopwhencontinuinguntilaconditionismet.Forloopsareidealforknownsequences,whilewhileloopssuitsituationswithundeterminediterations.

Pythonloopscanleadtoerrorslikeinfiniteloops,modifyinglistsduringiteration,off-by-oneerrors,zero-indexingissues,andnestedloopinefficiencies.Toavoidthese:1)Use'i

Forloopsareadvantageousforknowniterationsandsequences,offeringsimplicityandreadability;whileloopsareidealfordynamicconditionsandunknowniterations,providingcontrolovertermination.1)Forloopsareperfectforiteratingoverlists,tuples,orstrings,directlyacces

Pythonusesahybridmodelofcompilationandinterpretation:1)ThePythoninterpretercompilessourcecodeintoplatform-independentbytecode.2)ThePythonVirtualMachine(PVM)thenexecutesthisbytecode,balancingeaseofusewithperformance.

Pythonisbothinterpretedandcompiled.1)It'scompiledtobytecodeforportabilityacrossplatforms.2)Thebytecodeistheninterpreted,allowingfordynamictypingandrapiddevelopment,thoughitmaybeslowerthanfullycompiledlanguages.

Forloopsareidealwhenyouknowthenumberofiterationsinadvance,whilewhileloopsarebetterforsituationswhereyouneedtoloopuntilaconditionismet.Forloopsaremoreefficientandreadable,suitableforiteratingoversequences,whereaswhileloopsoffermorecontrolandareusefulf

Forloopsareusedwhenthenumberofiterationsisknowninadvance,whilewhileloopsareusedwhentheiterationsdependonacondition.1)Forloopsareidealforiteratingoversequenceslikelistsorarrays.2)Whileloopsaresuitableforscenarioswheretheloopcontinuesuntilaspecificcond


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

WebStorm Mac version
Useful JavaScript development tools

PhpStorm Mac version
The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

mPDF
mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),
