PHP中Array的hash函数实现
今天回顾学习了PHP中变量实现的方法,在浏览其源码是发现在PHP中所有的数据类型通过一个union存储。
php语言是弱类型语言,其实现中通过记录变量的类型和值来实现其管理。
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PHP中使用最多的非Array莫属了,那Array是如何实现的?
在PHP内部Array通过一个hashtable来实现,其中使用链接法解决hash冲突的问题,这样最坏情况下,查找Array元素的复杂度为O(N),最好则为1.
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而其计算字符串hash值的方法如下,将源码摘出来以供查备:
ps:对于以下函数,仍有两点不明:
1.? hash = 5381设置的理由?
2.? 这种step=8的循环方式是为了效率么?
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static inline ulong zend_inline_hash_func(const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength) { register ulong hash = 5381; ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? //此处初始值的设置有什么玄机么? /* variant with the hash unrolled eight times */ for (; nKeyLength >= 8; nKeyLength -= 8) { ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? //这种step=8的方式是为何? hash = ((hash ? <div class="clear"> </div>

PHPsessionscanstorestrings,numbers,arrays,andobjects.1.Strings:textdatalikeusernames.2.Numbers:integersorfloatsforcounters.3.Arrays:listslikeshoppingcarts.4.Objects:complexstructuresthatareserialized.

TostartaPHPsession,usesession_start()atthescript'sbeginning.1)Placeitbeforeanyoutputtosetthesessioncookie.2)Usesessionsforuserdatalikeloginstatusorshoppingcarts.3)RegeneratesessionIDstopreventfixationattacks.4)Considerusingadatabaseforsessionstoragei

Session regeneration refers to generating a new session ID and invalidating the old ID when the user performs sensitive operations in case of session fixed attacks. The implementation steps include: 1. Detect sensitive operations, 2. Generate new session ID, 3. Destroy old session ID, 4. Update user-side session information.

PHP sessions have a significant impact on application performance. Optimization methods include: 1. Use a database to store session data to improve response speed; 2. Reduce the use of session data and only store necessary information; 3. Use a non-blocking session processor to improve concurrency capabilities; 4. Adjust the session expiration time to balance user experience and server burden; 5. Use persistent sessions to reduce the number of data read and write times.

PHPsessionsareserver-side,whilecookiesareclient-side.1)Sessionsstoredataontheserver,aremoresecure,andhandlelargerdata.2)Cookiesstoredataontheclient,arelesssecure,andlimitedinsize.Usesessionsforsensitivedataandcookiesfornon-sensitive,client-sidedata.

PHPidentifiesauser'ssessionusingsessioncookiesandsessionIDs.1)Whensession_start()iscalled,PHPgeneratesauniquesessionIDstoredinacookienamedPHPSESSIDontheuser'sbrowser.2)ThisIDallowsPHPtoretrievesessiondatafromtheserver.

The security of PHP sessions can be achieved through the following measures: 1. Use session_regenerate_id() to regenerate the session ID when the user logs in or is an important operation. 2. Encrypt the transmission session ID through the HTTPS protocol. 3. Use session_save_path() to specify the secure directory to store session data and set permissions correctly.

PHPsessionfilesarestoredinthedirectoryspecifiedbysession.save_path,typically/tmponUnix-likesystemsorC:\Windows\TemponWindows.Tocustomizethis:1)Usesession_save_path()tosetacustomdirectory,ensuringit'swritable;2)Verifythecustomdirectoryexistsandiswrita


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