ThinkPHP 中M方法和D方法的具体区别
M方法和D方法的区别
ThinkPHP 中M方法和D方法都用于实例化一个模型类,M方法 用于高效实例化一个基础模型类,而 D方法 用于实例化一个用户定义模型类。
使用M方法
如果是如下情况,请考虑使用 M方法:
- 对数据表进行简单的 CURD 操作而无复杂的业务逻辑时
- 只有个别的表有较为复杂的业务逻辑时,将 M方法 与实例化 CommonModel 类进行结合使用
M方法 甚至可以简单看着就是对参数表名对应的数据表的操作:
$User = M('User');
使用D方法
如果是如下情况,请考虑使用 D方法:
- 需要使用 ThinkPHP 模型中一些高级功能如自动验证功能(create()方法中实现)、关联模型等
- 业务逻辑比较复杂,且涉及的表众多
- 将业务逻辑定义在了自定义的模型类里面(Lib/Model目录下),而想在操作中实现这些业务逻辑
另外 D方法 不支持跨项目调用,需要使用:
$User = D('User', 'Admin'); // 实例化 Admin 项目下面的 User 模型 $User = D('Admin.User'); // 启用了项目分组
提示
启用了项目分组后,Model 类并不必然对应着项目分组。多个项目组之间共有的模型类,统一放在 Model 目录下,可以直接使用D('ModelName') 实例化。而 D('User.UserInfo') 并不表示 User 一定是一个项目分组,也可以仅仅是对 Model 下文件的一个分类目录,D('User.UserInfo') 实例化的是 User 目录下的 UserInfo 模型类。
总结
M方法 和 D方法 都可以在模型类文件不存在的情况下直接使用的,但显然 M方法 更高效;但要使用模型类里面业务逻辑,就必须使用 D方法。
一个比较形象的比喻就是:M方法 就如一台刚装好操作系统的电脑,只能使用一些基本功能;而 D方法 就如在装好的系统上再安装了一些如 Office、QQ 等应用软件,功能更加强大,同时整个电脑运行速度也变慢了。
以上是对 M方法和D方法区别的一些总结,M方法 和 D方法 要根据实际情况来具体选择。

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