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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP 非一般方法 _set()、get()、isset() 与 _unset()

PHP 特殊方法 __set()、__get()、__isset() 与 __unset()

  • __set() 方法用于设置私有属性值。
  • __get() 方法用于获取私有属性值。
  • __isset() 方法用于检测私有属性值是否被设定。
  • __unset() 方法用于删除私有属性。

实际应用中,经常会把类的属性设置为私有(private),那么需要对属性进行访问时,就会变得麻烦。虽然可以将对属性的访问写成一个方法来实现,但 PHP 提供了一些特殊方法来方便此类操作。

__set()

__set() 方法用于设置私有属性值:

function __set($property_name, $value){     $this->$property_name = $value; }

在类里面使用了 __set() 方法后,当使用 $p1->name = "张三"; 这样的方式去设置对象私有属性的值时,就会自动调用 __set() 方法来设置私有属性的值。

__get()

__get() 方法用于获取私有属性值:

function __set($property_name, $value){     return isset($this->$property_name) ? $this->$property_name : null;}

例子:

<?phpclass Person {    private $name;    private $sex;    private $age;    //__set()方法用来设置私有属性    function __set($property_name, $value) {         echo "在直接设置私有属性&#20540;的时候,自动调用了这个 __set() 方法为私有属性赋&#20540;<br />";        $this->$property_name = $value;     }    //__get()方法用来获取私有属性    function __get($property_name) {          echo "在直接获取私有属性值的时候,自动调用了这个 __get() 方法<br>";        return isset($this->$property_name) ? $this->$property_name : null;    }}$p1=new Person();//直接为私有属性赋值的操作, 会自动调用 __set() 方法进行赋值$p1->name = "张三";//直接获取私有属性的值, 会自动调用 __get() 方法,返回成员属性的值echo "我的名字叫:".$p1->name;	?>

运行该例子,输出:

在直接设置私有属性值的时候,自动调用了这个 __set() 方法为私有属性赋值在直接获取私有属性值的时候,自动调用了这个 __get() 方法我的名字叫:张三

__isset()

__isset() 方法用于检测私有属性值是否被设定。

如果对象里面成员是公有的,可以直接使用 isset() 函数。如果是私有的成员属性,那就需要在类里面加上一个 __isset() 方法:

private function __isset($property_name){    return isset($this->$property_name);}

这样当在类外部使用 isset() 函数来测定对象里面的私有成员是否被设定时,就会自动调用 __isset() 方法来检测。

__unset()

__unset() 方法用于删除私有属性。

同 isset() 函数一样,unset() 函数只能删除对象的公有成员属性,当要删除对象内部的私有成员属性时,需要使用__unset() 方法:

private function __unset($property_name){    unset($this->$property_name);}
  • __set() 方法用于设置私有属性值。
  • __get() 方法用于获取私有属性值。
  • __isset() 方法用于检测私有属性值是否被设定。
  • __unset() 方法用于删除私有属性。

实际应用中,经常会把类的属性设置为私有(private),那么需要对属性进行访问时,就会变得麻烦。虽然可以将对属性的访问写成一个方法来实现,但 PHP 提供了一些特殊方法来方便此类操作。

__set()

__set() 方法用于设置私有属性值:

function __set($property_name, $value){     $this->$property_name = $value; }

在类里面使用了 __set() 方法后,当使用 $p1->name = "张三"; 这样的方式去设置对象私有属性的值时,就会自动调用 __set() 方法来设置私有属性的值。

__get()

__get() 方法用于获取私有属性值:

function __set($property_name, $value){     return isset($this->$property_name) ? $this->$property_name : null;}

例子:

<?phpclass Person {    private $name;    private $sex;    private $age;    //__set()方法用来设置私有属性    function __set($property_name, $value) {         echo "在直接设置私有属性&#20540;的时候,自动调用了这个 __set() 方法为私有属性赋&#20540;<br />";        $this->$property_name = $value;     }    //__get()方法用来获取私有属性    function __get($property_name) {          echo "在直接获取私有属性值的时候,自动调用了这个 __get() 方法<br>";        return isset($this->$property_name) ? $this->$property_name : null;    }}$p1=new Person();//直接为私有属性赋值的操作, 会自动调用 __set() 方法进行赋值$p1->name = "张三";//直接获取私有属性的值, 会自动调用 __get() 方法,返回成员属性的值echo "我的名字叫:".$p1->name;	?>

运行该例子,输出:

在直接设置私有属性值的时候,自动调用了这个 __set() 方法为私有属性赋值在直接获取私有属性值的时候,自动调用了这个 __get() 方法我的名字叫:张三

__isset()

__isset() 方法用于检测私有属性值是否被设定。

如果对象里面成员是公有的,可以直接使用 isset() 函数。如果是私有的成员属性,那就需要在类里面加上一个 __isset() 方法:

private function __isset($property_name){    return isset($this->$property_name);}

这样当在类外部使用 isset() 函数来测定对象里面的私有成员是否被设定时,就会自动调用 __isset() 方法来检测。

__unset()

__unset() 方法用于删除私有属性。

同 isset() 函数一样,unset() 函数只能删除对象的公有成员属性,当要删除对象内部的私有成员属性时,需要使用__unset() 方法:

private function __unset($property_name){    unset($this->$property_name);}
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