How to read nginx configuration

Nginx obtains configuration information by reading the configuration file, located in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf. The reading process includes parsing, validating, loading, and applying configuration. Hot restart allows configurations to be reloaded without stopping the server, simply re-parsing, reloading, and applying new configurations. If you have any problems, you can look for error messages in the error log.

How to read configuration in Nginx

Nginx is a popular open source web server that gets the configuration information needed for its operations by reading configuration files.

Location of configuration file

The main configuration file of Nginx is usually located in the following path:

• Linux: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
• macOS: /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
• Windows: c:\nginx\conf\nginx.conf

The process of reading configuration files

When Nginx starts, it performs the following steps to read the configuration file:

1. Resolve configuration files: Nginx uses a built-in configuration parser to parse configuration files. The parser checks the syntax of the configuration file and generates an internal data structure that contains all configuration information.
2. Verify the configuration: The parser also verifys that the configuration is valid. If any errors are found, Nginx will output an error message and exit.
3. Loading configuration: If the configuration file is valid, Nginx will load configuration information in the internal data structure. This includes servers, listeners, location blocks, and other instructions.
4. Application Configuration: The loaded configuration information will be applied to the running Nginx process. Nginx will adjust its behavior based on these configurations.

Hot restart

Nginx supports hot restarts, which allows configurations to be reloaded without stopping the server. Hot restart can be triggered by sending a HUP signal to the Nginx process. When a HUP signal is received, Nginx performs the following steps:

1. Re-parse the configuration file: Nginx will re-parse the configuration file and update the internal data structure.
2. Reload configuration: Nginx will reload configuration information in the internal data structure.
3. Apply new configuration: The new configuration will be applied to the running Nginx process.

troubleshooting

If Nginx cannot read or parse configuration files, you can look for error messages in the Nginx error log. Error logs are usually located in the following path:

• Linux: /var/log/nginx/error.log
• macOS: /var/log/nginx/error.log
• Windows: c:\nginx\logs\error.log

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