How to do Oracle security settings on Debian

To strengthen the security of Oracle database on the Debian system, it requires many aspects to start. The following steps provide a framework for secure configuration:

1. Oracle database installation and initial configuration

• System preparation: Make sure that the Debian system has been updated to the latest version, the network is configured correctly, and all required software packages are installed. It is recommended to refer to official documents or reliable third-party resources for installation.
• Users and Groups: Create a dedicated Oracle user group (such as oinstall, dba, backupdba) and set appropriate permissions for it.

2. Security restrictions settings

• Resource limits: Edit /etc/security/limits.d/30-oracle.conf file, set resource limits for Oracle users, including file descriptors, number of processes, memory usage, etc., to prevent resource exhaustion attacks.

3. Environment variable configuration

• Environment variable settings: Edit /etc/profile file, set necessary environment variables for Oracle users, and ensure that system resources are effectively controlled.

4. Kernel parameter adjustment

• Kernel parameter optimization: Modify /etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf file, adjust kernel parameters, improve performance and enhance security, such as adjusting file descriptor restrictions.

5. Firewall rule configuration

• Port access control: Use tools such as iptables or ufw to configure firewall rules, allow only necessary ports to access the Oracle database, and deny all other connections.

6. SSH safety reinforcement

• Key authentication: Enable SSH key pair authentication, disable password login or set strong password policies, and prohibit root users from logging in remotely.

7. Continuous safety maintenance

• Regular update: Run apt update and apt upgrade commands regularly to update the system and software packages, and fix security vulnerabilities in a timely manner.

8. Monitoring and log auditing

• Security monitoring: Use Logwatch, Fail2ban and other tools to monitor system logs to promptly discover and respond to security incidents.

Important tips: The above steps are for reference only, and adjustments need to be made according to the specific environment and needs in actual operation. Be sure to read the official Oracle documentation carefully and follow security best practices. If you have any questions, please consult Oracle official support or experienced database administrator.

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