How to change a file named with ID number to a name using Python?

Using Python scripts to realize batch renaming of ID number files to names

In practical applications, we often need to process files named after the ID number and rename them to the corresponding name. This article provides an efficient Python solution that combines Excel table data to realize batch file renaming.

Suppose you have an Excel file (such as "data.xls") that contains the ID number and name correspondence, and a folder that contains the files named after the ID number. The following code will help you complete file renaming:

Original code and existing problems:

The following code tries to change the file from ID number to name based on the mapping relationship in Excel table, but there are efficiency and robustness issues:

 import os
import pandas as pd

df = pd.read_excel("data.xls")
id_list = os.listdir("./")
for id_file in id_list:
    id_num = id_file[:id_file.find(".")]
    ext = id_file[id_file.find("."):]
    name = df[df["ID number"] == id_num].name.values
    print(name)
    if len(name) != 0:
        name = name[0]
        print(f"Start rename: {id_file} -> {name}{ext}")
        os.rename(id_file, name ext)
print("Rename ends")

The main problem with this code is that it searches Excel files multiple times, which is inefficient. When there are too many files, performance will drop sharply.

Improved Python code:

To improve efficiency and robustness, we adopt a more direct traversal method:

 import os
import pandas as pd

df = pd.read_excel("data.xls")
id_name_map = dict(zip(df["ID card number"], df["Name"])) # Create a mapping dictionary of ID number to name id_list = os.listdir("./")

for id_file in id_list:
    id_num = id_file[:id_file.find(".")]
    ext = id_file[id_file.find("."):]
    if id_num in id_name_map:
        new_name = id_name_map[id_num] ext
        print(f"Start rename: {id_file} -> {new_name}")
        os.rename(id_file, new_name)
print("Rename ends")

This code first creates a mapping dictionary of ID number to name, then iterates over the file list and searches the corresponding name through the dictionary, thus avoiding repeated searches of Excel table data and significantly improving efficiency. In addition, it also shows the logic of the code more clearly.

With the above improvements, you can more effectively implement batch file renaming and improve work efficiency. Please make sure that the "data.xls" file exists in the same directory as the Python script, and that the "ID number" and "Name" column names are the same as the column names in the Excel file.

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