1. Object
An object in Java is a basic unit of Object-Oriented Programming and represents real-life entities. Objects are the instances of a class that are created to use the attributes and methods of a class. A typical Java program creates many objects, which as you know, interact by invoking methods. An object consists of :
i) State : It is represented by attributes of an object. It also reflects the properties of an object.
Eg: what the objects have, Student have a first name, last name, age, etc.
ii) Behavior : It is represented by the methods of an object. It also reflects the response of an object with other objects.
Eg: what the objects do, Student attend a course "Java for beginners".
iii) Identity : It gives a unique name to an object and enables one object to interact with other objects.
Eg: what makes them unique, Student have Student-ID-number, or an email which is unique.
2. State
State is basically of two types:
i) Statically Typed Programming Language
ii) Dynamically Typed Programming Language
3. Statically Typed Programming Language
In statically typed programming languages, type checking occurs at compile time. At compile time, source code in a specific programming language is converted to a machine-readable format. This means that before source code is compiled, the type associated with each and every single variable must be known. Some common examples of programming languages that belong to this category are Java, Haskell, C, C , C#, Scala, Kotlin, Fortran, Go, Pascal, and Swift.
4. Dynamically Typed Programming Language
In dynamically typed languages, type checking takes place at runtime or execution time. This means that variables are checked against types only when the program is executing. Some examples of programming languages that belong to this category are Python, JavaScript, Lisp, PHP, Ruby, Perl, Lua, and Tcl.
References
- https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/classes-objects-java/
- https://www.baeldung.com/cs/statically-vs-dynamically-typed-languages
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