How Can I Fix MySQL Syntax Errors Caused by Reserved Word Table or Column Names?

Syntax Error Due to Using a Reserved Word as a Table or Column Name in MySQL

The Problem

MySQL reserves certain words like SELECT, INSERT, DELETE, etc., for special purposes. Using these words as table or column names without proper handling can result in syntax errors.

The Solution

There are two options to resolve this:

1. Avoid Using Reserved Words

Avoid using reserved words as identifiers altogether. This eliminates the risk of future syntax errors and ensures portability between SQL dialects.

2. Use Backticks (Recommended)

If renaming the table or column is not feasible, surround the offending identifier with backticks (`). Backticks allow reserved words to be used as identifiers.

For example, to fix the error in the question:

INSERT INTO user_details (username, location, `key`)
VALUES ('Tim', 'Florida', 42);

By surrounding the key column name with backticks, MySQL recognizes it as an identifier rather than a reserved word, resolving the syntax error.

Note: Backtick-quoting is necessary when the identifier contains special characters or is a reserved word. The complete list of keywords and reserved words can be found in MySQL's official documentation.

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