How to Group SQL Data by Month and Year and Format the Output as 'Month-Year'?

SQL Grouping By Month and Year

In SQL, grouping data by month and year is a common task when analyzing temporal data. To achieve this, you can utilize the MONTH() and YEAR() functions along with the GROUP BY clause.

Problem Statement

A user encounters an issue while querying an Order table to display the 'date' column as "month-year" (e.g., "9-2011"). They've been using the following query:

SELECT MONTH(date) + '.' + YEAR(date) AS Mjesec, SUM(marketingExpense) AS SumaMarketing, SUM(revenue) AS SumaZarada 
FROM [Order]
WHERE (idCustomer = 1) AND (date BETWEEN '2001-11-3' AND '2011-11-3')
GROUP BY MONTH(date), YEAR(date)

However, this query only displays months (e.g., "9"), and the user wants to include both month and year in the output.

Solution

To resolve this issue, you can use the CAST() function to convert the month and year values into strings and concatenate them with a hyphen in between. Here's the updated query:

SELECT CAST(MONTH(date) AS VARCHAR(2)) + '-' + CAST(YEAR(date) AS VARCHAR(4)) AS Mjesec, SUM(marketingExpense) AS SumaMarketing, SUM(revenue) AS SumaZarada 
FROM [Order]
WHERE (idCustomer = 1) AND (date BETWEEN '2001-11-3' AND '2011-11-3')
GROUP BY CAST(MONTH(date) AS VARCHAR(2)) + '-' + CAST(YEAR(date) AS VARCHAR(4))

This query will return the 'date' column in the desired format, displaying both month and year.

Another option is to use leading zeroes when casting to ensure consistent formatting. This can be achieved using the right() function:

GROUP BY 
  CAST(YEAR(date) AS VARCHAR(4)) + '-' + right('00' + CAST(MONTH(date) AS VARCHAR(2)), 2) 

This approach will add leading zeroes to single-digit month values, resulting in uniform formatting (e.g., "09-2011").

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