


How to Dynamically Invoke Methods on `interface{}` in Go, Regardless of Receiver Type?
Dynamic Invocation of Methods on Interface{} Regardless of Receiver Type
In this article, we explore an issue faced when attempting to dynamically call methods on an interface{} in Go. Our goal is to overcome this challenge, enabling efficient method invocation regardless of the underlying data type or receiver type.
The Problem
When dealing with interface{} in Go, we encountered a limitation in dynamic method invocation: if the data stored within the interface{} was a pointer, we faced difficulties in accessing its address. Consequently, methods with pointer receivers could not be dynamically invoked.
The Solution
To resolve this issue, we leverage a technique that encompasses four cases:
- Interface{} data is a value, receiver is a value: In this case, no modifications are necessary.
- Interface{} data is a pointer, receiver is a value: We create a new pointer to the interface{} data and retrieve the referenced value.
- Interface{} data is a value, receiver is a pointer: We create a new pointer to the interface{} data.
- Interface{} data is a pointer, receiver is a pointer: We utilize the existing pointer.
After determining the appropriate data type, we perform an additional check for existence of the method on both the value and the pointer. By doing so, we ensure method invocation regardless of whether the method is declared as a value or pointer receiver.
Proof of Concept
The following code demonstrates the implementation of our solution:
package main import ( "fmt" "reflect" ) type Test struct { Start string } // value receiver func (t Test) Finish() string { return t.Start + "finish" } // pointer receiver func (t *Test) Another() string { return t.Start + "another" } func CallMethod(i interface{}, methodName string) interface{} { var ptr reflect.Value var value reflect.Value var finalMethod reflect.Value value = reflect.ValueOf(i) // if we start with a pointer, we need to get value pointed to // if we start with a value, we need to get a pointer to that value if value.Type().Kind() == reflect.Ptr { ptr = value value = ptr.Elem() } else { ptr = reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(i)) temp := ptr.Elem() temp.Set(value) } // check for method on value method := value.MethodByName(methodName) if method.IsValid() { finalMethod = method } // check for method on pointer method = ptr.MethodByName(methodName) if method.IsValid() { finalMethod = method } if (finalMethod.IsValid()) { return finalMethod.Call([]reflect.Value{})[0].Interface() } // return or panic, method not found of either type return "" } func main() { i := Test{Start: "start"} j := Test{Start: "start2"} fmt.Println(CallMethod(i, "Finish")) fmt.Println(CallMethod(&i, "Finish")) fmt.Println(CallMethod(i, "Another")) fmt.Println(CallMethod(&i, "Another")) fmt.Println(CallMethod(j, "Finish")) fmt.Println(CallMethod(&j, "Finish")) fmt.Println(CallMethod(j, "Another")) fmt.Println(CallMethod(&j, "Another")) }
By employing this technique, we can dynamically invoke methods on interface{} regardless of the receiver type, facilitating robust and adaptable code in Go.
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