Why Am I Getting 'java.sql.SQLException: Parameter index out of range'?

java.sql.SQLException: Parameter index out of range (1 > number of parameters, which is 0)

This error occurs when you attempt to set a parameter in a prepared statement that does not have a corresponding placeholder in the SQL query.

Causes:

• The SQL query doesn't include enough placeholders (?) for the number of parameters being set in the statement.
• You are mistakenly using parameterized statements with non-parameterized queries.

Solution:

To resolve this error, ensure that the SQL query contains the correct number of placeholders for the parameters being set. For example:

String sql = "INSERT INTO tablename (col1, col2, col3) VALUES (?, ?, ?)";
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
preparedStatement.setString(1, val1);
preparedStatement.setString(2, val2);
preparedStatement.setString(3, val3);

Additional Notes:

• Parameter indexes start at 1, so ensure that you are setting them in the correct order.
• Do not quote the placeholders in the SQL query, as this will cause them to be treated as string values.
• If you are using a non-parameterized query, you should set the parameters directly in the query string:

String sql = String.format("INSERT INTO tablename (col1, col2, col3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)", val1, val2, val3);

References:

• JDBC Tutorial - Prepared Statements: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/jdbc/preparedstatements.html

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