How Do I Convert Between Numeric and String Types in C ?

Converting Between Numeric and String Types in C

Converting between numeric and string types is a common task in programming, and C provides convenient ways to do so. This FAQ will guide you through the various methods available.

String to Numeric Conversion

In C 11 and later, the standard library includes the following functions for converting strings to numeric types:

• stof(string): Converts a string to a float
• stod(string): Converts a string to a double
• stold(string): Converts a string to a long double
• stoi(string): Converts a string to an int (integer)
• stol(string): Converts a string to a long
• stoul(string): Converts a string to an unsigned long
• stoll(string): Converts a string to a long long
• stoull(string): Converts a string to an unsigned long long

These functions parse the string character by character and return the corresponding numeric value. If no valid number can be extracted, an exception is thrown.

Numeric to String Conversion

C 11 also introduces a set of functions to convert numeric values to strings:

• to_string(int): Converts an int to a string
• to_string(unsigned): Converts an unsigned int to a string
• to_string(long): Converts a long to a string
• to_string(unsigned long): Converts an unsigned long to a string
• to_string(long long): Converts a long long to a string
• to_string(unsigned long long): Converts an unsigned long long to a string
• to_string(float): Converts a float to a string
• to_string(double): Converts a double to a string
• to_string(long double): Converts a long double to a string

These functions return a string representation of the specified numeric value. For formatting options, consider using stream manipulators with a stringstream object.

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