How to Remove a UTF-8 BOM from a CSS File to Fix PHP Processing Issues?

Removing the BOM (Byte Order Mark) from the Beginning of a File

The issue described pertains to the presence of a Byte Order Mark (BOM), specifically the UTF-8 BOM, at the beginning of a CSS file. This BOM can cause disruption when the file is processed by PHP, especially when combining multiple CSS files.

Cause of the BOM

The BOM is an encoding indicator that signifies the byte order of a Unicode file. It can be introduced when files are transferred between different systems or text editors that use different character encodings.

Remedies

There are several ways to address this issue:

• Remove BOM Using an Editor: Some text editors, such as Notepad , offer options to remove BOMs when saving files. Select the appropriate encoding and deselect the "Encode BOM" checkbox to remove it.
• Use awk to Automate BOM Removal: You can use the following awk command to remove the BOM from a file:

awk '{ print substr(<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><?php mb_internal_encoding('UTF-8');
// Process CSS files...
?>

,4) }' file.css

• Set PHP to Ignore BOM: By setting the PHP internal encoding to UTF-8 and using the mb_internal_encoding() function, you can instruct PHP to ignore the BOM when reading files:

By implementing one of these approaches, you can effectively remove the BOM from the beginning of your CSS file and ensure that it is processed correctly by PHP.

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